Pofika chaka cha 2024, kukula kwa msika wosungira mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi kwapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono anthu azindikire kufunika kofunikiramachitidwe osungira mphamvu za batrim'misika yosiyanasiyana, makamaka pamsika wa mphamvu ya dzuwa, yomwe pang'onopang'ono yakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la gridi. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chapakati cha mphamvu ya dzuwa, kupereka kwake kumakhala kosakhazikika, ndipo machitidwe osungira mphamvu za batri amatha kupereka maulendo afupipafupi, potero akugwirizanitsa bwino ntchito ya gridi. Kupita mtsogolo, zida zosungiramo mphamvu zidzatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri popereka mphamvu zapamwamba ndikuchedwetsa kufunikira kwandalama zotsika mtengo pakugawa, kutumiza, ndi kupangira zida.
Mtengo wamakina osungira mphamvu za dzuwa ndi batire watsika kwambiri pazaka khumi zapitazi. M'misika yambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera pang'onopang'ono kukulepheretsa kupikisana kwa zinthu zakale komanso kupanga magetsi a nyukiliya. Pamene kuli kwakuti kale anthu ambiri ankakhulupirira kuti kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezereka n’kokwera mtengo kwambiri, masiku ano mtengo wa magwero a mphamvu za zinthu zakale zokwiririka pansi ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa mtengo wa kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezereka.
Kuonjezera apo,kuphatikiza kwa dzuwa + malo osungiramo zinthu kungapereke mphamvu ku gridi, m’malo mwa malo opangira magetsi a gasi. Ndi ndalama zogulira malo opangira magetsi a dzuwa zachepetsedwa kwambiri ndipo palibe mtengo wamafuta womwe umakhala m'moyo wawo wonse, kuphatikizaku kumapereka kale mphamvu pamtengo wotsikirapo kuposa magwero amagetsi achikhalidwe. Pamene magetsi a dzuwa akuphatikizidwa ndi machitidwe osungira mabatire, mphamvu zawo zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yeniyeni, ndipo nthawi yoyankha mofulumira ya mabatire imalola kuti mapulojekiti awo ayankhe momasuka ku zosowa za msika wa mphamvu ndi msika wothandizira.
Panopa,Mabatire a lithiamu-ion kutengera ukadaulo wa lithiamu iron phosphate (LiFePO4) amawongolera msika wosungira mphamvu.Mabatirewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha chitetezo chawo chachikulu, moyo wautali wautali komanso magwiridwe antchito okhazikika. Ngakhale mphamvu kachulukidwe walithiamu iron phosphate mabatirendi otsika pang'ono kuposa a mitundu ina ya mabatire a lithiamu, iwo apitabe patsogolo kwambiri mwa kukhathamiritsa njira zopangira, kuwongolera kupanga bwino komanso kuchepetsa ndalama. Zikuyembekezeka kuti pofika chaka cha 2030, mtengo wa mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate udzatsikanso, pomwe mpikisano wawo pamsika wosungira mphamvu upitilira kukwera.
Ndi kukula kwachangu kwa kufunikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi,nyumba yosungirako mphamvu, C&I Energy Stroage Systemndi machitidwe akuluakulu osungira mphamvu zamagetsi, ubwino wa mabatire a Li-FePO4 ponena za mtengo, moyo ndi chitetezo zimawapangitsa kukhala odalirika. Ngakhale kuti zolinga zake za mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu sizingakhale zazikulu monga za mabatire ena a mankhwala, ubwino wake mu chitetezo ndi moyo wautali zimapatsa malo muzochitika zogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zimafuna kudalirika kwa nthawi yaitali.
Zomwe Muyenera Kuziganizira Potumiza Zida Zosungira Mphamvu za Battery
Pali zinthu zambiri zofunika kuziganizira potumiza zida zosungira mphamvu. Mphamvu ndi nthawi ya batire mphamvu yosungirako mphamvu zimadalira cholinga chake mu polojekiti. Cholinga cha polojekitiyi chimatsimikiziridwa ndi mtengo wake wachuma. Mtengo wake wachuma umadalira msika umene dongosolo losungiramo mphamvu likuchita nawo. Msika uwu pamapeto pake umatsimikizira momwe batire idzagawira mphamvu, kulipira kapena kutulutsa, komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji. Chifukwa chake mphamvu ndi nthawi ya batri sizimangotsimikizira mtengo wa ndalama zosungira mphamvu, komanso moyo wogwira ntchito.
Njira yolipirira ndi kutulutsa mphamvu yosungira mphamvu ya batri idzakhala yopindulitsa m'misika ina. Nthawi zina, mtengo wokhawokha umafunika, ndipo mtengo wolipiritsa ndi mtengo wopangira bizinesi yosungira mphamvu. Kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa malipiro sikufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa.
Mwachitsanzo, mu grid-scale solar + battery energy storage, kapena m'malo osungiramo makasitomala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa, makina osungira mabatire amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochokera kumalo opangira dzuwa kuti athe kulandira ngongole za msonkho wa Investment (ITCs). Mwachitsanzo, pali malingaliro angapo olipira-kulipila pamakina osungira mphamvu mu Regional Transmission Organisations (RTOs). Muchitsanzo cha investment tax credit (ITC), makina osungira batire amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa projekitiyo, motero amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa eni ake obwerera. Mu chitsanzo cha PJM, makina osungira batire amalipira kulipira ndi kutulutsa, kotero malipiro ake obwezera amafanana ndi magetsi ake.
Zikuwoneka ngati zotsutsana kunena kuti mphamvu ndi nthawi ya batri zimatsimikizira moyo wake wonse. Zinthu zingapo monga mphamvu, nthawi, ndi moyo wonse zimapanga matekinoloje osungira mabatire kukhala osiyana ndi matekinoloje ena amagetsi. Pamtima pa batire mphamvu yosungirako mphamvu ndi batire. Mofanana ndi maselo a dzuwa, zipangizo zawo zimawonongeka pakapita nthawi, kuchepetsa ntchito. Maselo a dzuwa amataya mphamvu ndi mphamvu, pamene kuwonongeka kwa batri kumabweretsa kutaya mphamvu yosungirako mphamvu.Ngakhale ma solar atha kukhala zaka 20-25, makina osungira mabatire amakhala zaka 10 mpaka 15 zokha.
Ndalama zosinthira ndikusintha ziyenera kuganiziridwa pa projekiti iliyonse. Kuthekera kosinthidwa kumadalira momwe polojekiti ikuyendera komanso momwe ntchitoyo ikugwiritsidwira ntchito.
Zinthu zinayi zazikulu zomwe zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito a batri ndi?
- Kutentha kwa batri
- Mphamvu ya batri
- Mulingo wapakati wa batire (SOC)
- 'Kuzungulira' kwa batire la avareji ya state of charge (SOC), mwachitsanzo, kapitawa wa avereji ya batire yomwe imagwira ntchito (SOC) yomwe batire imakhala nthawi zambiri. Mfundo yachitatu ndi yachinayi ndi yogwirizana.
Pali njira ziwiri zoyendetsera moyo wa batri mu polojekitiyi.Njira yoyamba ndiyo kuchepetsa kukula kwa batri ngati polojekitiyo ikuthandizidwa ndi ndalama komanso kuchepetsa mtengo wokonzekera mtsogolo. M'misika yambiri, ndalama zomwe zakonzedwa zimatha kuthandizira mtsogolo. Nthawi zambiri, kutsika kwamitengo yamtsogolo pazigawo kuyenera kuganiziridwa poyerekeza mtengo wosinthira mtsogolo, womwe umagwirizana ndi zomwe zachitika pamsika pazaka 10 zapitazi. Njira yachiwiri ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa batri kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwake komwe kulipo (kapena C-rate, kungotanthauzidwa ngati kulipiritsa kapena kutulutsa pa ola limodzi) pokhazikitsa ma cell ofanana. Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kutulutsa mafunde kumapangitsa kutentha pang'ono chifukwa batire imatulutsa kutentha panthawi yolipiritsa ndi kutulutsa. Ngati pali mphamvu yochulukirapo m'dongosolo losungirako batire ndipo mphamvu zochepa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa kulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa batire kudzachepetsedwa ndikuwonjezera moyo wake.
Kuyitanitsa / kutulutsa kwa batri ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri.Makampani opanga magalimoto nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito 'mikombero' ngati muyeso wa moyo wa batri. M'malo osungira mphamvu, mabatire amatha kuyendetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kutanthauza kuti akhoza kulipiritsidwa pang'ono kapena kukhetsedwa pang'ono, ndipo mtengo uliwonse ndi zotulutsa zimakhala zosakwanira.
Mphamvu ya Battery Yopezeka.Kugwiritsa ntchito makina osungira mphamvu kumatha kuzungulira kuchepera kamodzi patsiku ndipo, kutengera momwe msika umagwirira ntchito, zitha kupitilira metric iyi. Chifukwa chake, ogwira ntchito akuyenera kudziwa moyo wa batri powunika kuchuluka kwa batri.
Moyo wa Chipangizo Chosungira Mphamvu ndi Kutsimikizira
Kuyesa kwa chipangizo chosungira mphamvu kumakhala ndi magawo awiri akulu.Choyamba, kuyezetsa kwa ma cell a batri ndikofunikira pakuwunika moyo wa batire yosungira mphamvu.Kuyesa kwa maselo a batri kumawonetsa mphamvu ndi zofooka za maselo a batri ndikuthandizira ogwira ntchito kumvetsetsa momwe mabatire ayenera kuphatikizidwa mu dongosolo losungiramo mphamvu komanso ngati kuphatikiza uku kuli koyenera.
Kukonzekera kwa mndandanda ndi kufanana kwa maselo a batri kumathandiza kumvetsetsa momwe bateri imagwirira ntchito komanso momwe imapangidwira.Maselo a batri olumikizidwa mu mndandanda amalola kuti ma voltages a batire akhazikike, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti voteji ya batire yokhala ndi ma cell angapo olumikizidwa ndi batire ndi yofanana ndi voteji ya batire yomwe imachulukitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ma cell. Zomangamanga za batri zolumikizidwa ndi mndandanda zimapereka zabwino zamtengo, komanso zimakhala ndi zovuta zina. Mabatire akalumikizidwa motsatizana, ma cell omwewo amajambula momwemonso batire paketi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati selo limodzi lili ndi voteji pazipita 1V ndi pazipita panopa 1A, ndiye maselo 10 mndandanda ali ndi voteji pazipita 10V, koma akadali ndi pazipita panopa 1A, pa mphamvu okwana 10V * 1A = 10W ku. Mukalumikizidwa mndandanda, makina a batri amakumana ndi zovuta zowunikira magetsi. Kuwunika kwamagetsi kumatha kuchitidwa pamapaketi a batri olumikizidwa ndi mndandanda kuti muchepetse ndalama, koma ndizovuta kuzindikira kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka kwa maselo amodzi.
Komano, mabatire ofanana amalola stacking panopa, kutanthauza kuti voteji wa kufanana batire paketi ndi wofanana munthu selo voteji ndi dongosolo panopa ndi wofanana ndi munthu selo panopa kuchulukitsidwa ndi chiwerengero cha maselo mu kufanana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati 1V yemweyo, 1A batire ntchito, mabatire awiri akhoza chikugwirizana mu kufanana, amene kudula panopa mu theka, ndiyeno 10 awiriawiri ofanana mabatire akhoza chikugwirizana mndandanda kukwaniritsa 10V pa 1V voteji ndi 1A panopa. , koma izi ndizofala kwambiri pamasinthidwe ofanana.
Kusiyanaku pakati pa mndandanda ndi njira zofananira zolumikizira batire ndikofunikira mukaganizira zamphamvu ya batri kapena mfundo za chitsimikizo. Zinthu zotsatirazi zimayenda muulamuliro ndipo pamapeto pake zimakhudza moyo wa batri:mawonekedwe amsika ➜ kuthamangitsa / kutulutsa ➜ malire a dongosolo ➜ mndandanda wa batri ndi kamangidwe kofananira.Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa ma nameplate a batri sikuwonetsa kuti kumanga mochulukira kungakhalepo mumayendedwe osungira batire. Kukhalapo kwa kumangidwanso ndikofunikira pa chitsimikizo cha batri, chifukwa kumatsimikizira batire yamakono ndi kutentha (maselo amakhala kutentha mumtundu wa SOC), pomwe ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku idzatsimikizira moyo wa batri.
Kuyesa kwamakina ndikowonjezera kuyesa kwa ma cell a batri ndipo nthawi zambiri kumagwira ntchito pazofunikira zama projekiti zomwe zimawonetsa magwiridwe antchito oyenera a batire.
Kuti akwaniritse mgwirizano, opanga mabatire osungira mphamvu nthawi zambiri amapanga ma protocol oyesa ku fakitale kapena kumunda kuti atsimikizire momwe kachitidwe kachitidwe ndi kachipangizo kakang'ono kamagwirira ntchito, koma sangathe kuthana ndi chiwopsezo chakugwira ntchito kwa batire kupitilira moyo wa batri. Kukambitsirana kofala pakugwiritsa ntchito gawo ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu komanso ngati kuli kogwirizana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka batri.
Kufunika Koyesa Battery
Pambuyo pa DNV GL kuyesa batri, deta imaphatikizidwa mu khadi la chaka la chaka la batri, lomwe limapereka deta yodziimira kwa ogula makina a batri. Khadi lazikopa likuwonetsa momwe batire imayankhira pamikhalidwe inayi yogwiritsira ntchito: kutentha, panopa, kutsika kwapakati (SOC) ndi kusinthasintha kwapakati (SOC).
Chiyesocho chikufanizira magwiridwe antchito a batri ndi kasinthidwe kake kofananira, zoletsa zamakina, kutsatsa kwamisika / kutulutsa komanso magwiridwe antchito amsika. Ntchito yapaderayi imatsimikizira kuti opanga mabatire ali ndi udindo ndikuwunika moyenera zitsimikizo zawo kuti eni ake amagetsi azitha kuwunika bwino za kukhudzidwa kwawo ndi chiwopsezo chaukadaulo.
Kusankha kwa Wopereka Zida Zosungiramo Mphamvu
Kuti muzindikire masomphenya osungira batire,kusankha kwa ogulitsa ndikofunikira- chifukwa chake kugwira ntchito ndi akatswiri odalirika aukadaulo omwe amamvetsetsa zovuta zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mwayi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yochitira bwino ntchito. Kusankha wopereka makina osungira mabatire kuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti makinawo akukwaniritsa zovomerezeka zapadziko lonse lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, makina osungira mabatire ayesedwa molingana ndi UL9450A ndipo malipoti oyesa alipo kuti awonedwe. Zina zilizonse zokhudzana ndi malo, monga kuzindikira kwa moto ndi chitetezo kapena mpweya wabwino, sizingaphatikizidwe muzopangira zopangira ndipo ziyenera kulembedwa ngati zowonjezera.
Mwachidule, zida zosungiramo mphamvu zamagetsi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mphamvu zosungiramo mphamvu zamagetsi ndikuthandizira potengera katundu, kufunikira kwakukulu, ndi mayankho apakati apakatikati. Makinawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ambiri momwe mafuta opangira zinthu zakale komanso / kapena kukweza kwachikhalidwe kumawonedwa ngati kosathandiza, kosatheka kapena kokwera mtengo. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingakhudze chitukuko chabwino cha mapulojekiti otere komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino pazachuma.
Ndikofunika kugwira ntchito ndi odalirika osungira batire.BSLBATT Energy ndiwotsogola pamsika wamayankho anzeru osungira mabatire, kupanga, kupanga ndikupereka mayankho aukadaulo apamwamba pamapulogalamu apadera. Masomphenya a kampaniyo amayang'ana kwambiri kuthandiza makasitomala kuthana ndi zovuta zapadera zamphamvu zomwe zimakhudza bizinesi yawo, ndipo ukatswiri wa BSLBATT utha kupereka mayankho okhazikika kuti akwaniritse zolinga zamakasitomala.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-28-2024