Ububiko bwa Batiri Solar Farm: Gufungura ibisubizo byizewe kandi binini

Ububiko bwa batiri yumuriro ni ubwoko bushya bwingufu zubuhinzi zihuza imirima ningufu zishobora kubaho. Mu rwego rwo gukomeza kwiyongera kwingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, imirasire yizuba ifite uruhare runini mukubyara amashanyarazi meza kandi arambye aturuka kumirasire yizuba.

Nyamara, binyuze muri sisitemu yo kubika neza ituma kwizerwa no gushikama bishobora kugaragara imbaraga nyazo zingufu zizuba. Injira ububiko bwumuriro wizuba-tekinoroji ihindura umukino ikemura itandukaniro riri hagati yumusaruro wingufu nibisabwa.

Kuri BSLBATT, twumva ko ibisubizo binini kandi byizewe byububiko ari ngombwa kubikorwa binini binini byizuba. Iyi ngingo irasobanura impamvu kubika batiri yumuriro wizuba ari ntangarugero, uburyo byongera ubwigenge bwingufu, nibihe bintu byingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho muguhitamo sisitemu ikwiye kumurima wizuba.

Ububiko bwa Batiri Solar Niki?

Kubika imirasire y'izuba ni imwe mubice byinshi byo gukoresha sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za batiri. Yerekeza kuri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu mu nganda n’ubucuruzi zihuza imirima n’ububiko bw’ingufu zishobora kubaho kandi bikoreshwa mu kubika amashanyarazi arenze akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba mu masaha y’izuba. Izi mbaraga zibitswe zirashobora gukoreshwa mugihe ibyifuzo byiyongereye cyangwa mugihe cyumuriro wizuba muke kugirango amashanyarazi atangwe kandi yizewe.

None, muburyo bwo kubika bateri yumurima wizuba ikora gute? Reka tubigabanye mubice byingenzi nibikorwa:

Intangiriro ya sisitemu yo kubika imirasire yizuba igizwe nibice bitatu byingenzi:

Imirasire y'izuba - fata urumuri rw'izuba hanyuma uhindure ingufu z'amashanyarazi.
Inverters - hindura icyerekezo kiva mumwanya uhinduranya amashanyarazi ya gride.
Amapaki ya bateri - bika ingufu zirenze kugirango ukoreshwe nyuma.

Inyungu zo Kubika Bateri Yumuriro

Urashobora kumva impamvu abahinzi bishimye cyane? Ububiko bwa batiri yumuriro wizuba ntabwo butezimbere sisitemu yingufu zacu gusa ahubwo inabihindura. Ariko ni izihe mbogamizi zigomba kuneshwa kugirango tugere ku bantu benshi? Reka ducukumbure cyane muri ibi bikurikira…

Inzitizi zo Kubika Bateri Yizuba

Nubwo inyungu zo kubika amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zigaragara, ishyirwa mu bikorwa rinini ry'ikoranabuhanga ntabwo rifite ibibazo. Ariko ntutinye - havuka ibisubizo bishya kugirango bikemure izo nzitizi. Reka dusuzume inzitizi zingenzi nuburyo bwo kuzitsinda:

Igiciro cyambere cyambere:

Ntawahakana - kubaka umurima wizuba hamwe nububiko bwa batiri bisaba ishoramari ryambere. Ariko inkuru nziza nuko: ibiciro biragabanuka vuba. Nibihe byihuse? Ibiciro by'ipaki ya batiri byagabanutseho 89% kuva mu 2010. Byongeye kandi, gahunda za leta hamwe n’uburyo bushya bwo gutera inkunga bituma imishinga igerwaho. Kurugero, amasezerano yo kugura amashanyarazi (PPAs) yemerera ubucuruzi gushiraho izuba hiyongereyeho sisitemu yo kubika ingufu hamwe nigiciro gito cyangwa ntakiguzi kiri hejuru.

Ibibazo bya tekiniki:

Gukora neza no kuramba biracyari aho tekinoroji ya batiri ikeneye kunozwa. Ariko, ibigo nka BSLBATT biratera imbere cyane. Sisitemu zabo zitezimbere zubucuruzi zitanga izuba zifite ubuzima bwikubye inshuro zirenga 6.000, zirenze kure ibisekuruza byabanje. Tuvuge iki ku gukora neza? Sisitemu iheruka irashobora kugera hejuru ya 85% yingendo-ngendo, bivuze gutakaza ingufu nkeya mugihe cyo kubika no gusohora.

Inzitizi zigenga:

Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, amabwiriza ashaje ntabwo yajyanye na tekinoroji yo kubika batiri. Ibi birashobora gutera inzitizi zo guhuza imiyoboro. Igisubizo? Abafata ibyemezo batangiye gufata. Kurugero, Iteka rya komisiyo ishinzwe kugenzura ingufu za leta nimero 841 ubu risaba abakora gride kwemerera ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu kwitabira amasoko y’amashanyarazi menshi.

Ibidukikije:

Nubwo kubika amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba bigabanya cyane imyuka ihumanya ikirere, umusaruro no kujugunya bateri bitera impungenge z’ibidukikije. Nigute wakemura ibyo bibazo? Abahinguzi batezimbere uburyo burambye bwo kubyaza umusaruro no kunoza imikorere ya batiri.

None umwanzuro ni uwuhe? Nibyo, hari ingorane zo gushyira mubikorwa ububiko bwumuriro wizuba. Ariko hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga no gushyiraho politiki yo gushyigikira, izo nzitizi zirimo kuneshwa kuri gahunda. Ubu buryo bwo guhindura umukino bufite ejo hazaza heza.

Tekinoroji Yibanze Yububiko bwa Solar Farms

Tekinoroji yo kubika bateri igira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imikorere yimirasire yizuba no gutanga ingufu nubwo nta zuba ryaka. Reka dusuzume neza tekinoroji ya batiri ikoreshwa cyane mugukoresha imirasire y'izuba nini, tugaragaza ibyiza byabo, aho bigarukira, kandi bikwiranye nubwoko butandukanye bwimishinga.

1.Batteri ya Litiyumu
Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion (Li-ion) niyo ihitamo cyane kubika batiri mu murima wizuba bitewe nubucucike bwayo bwinshi, igihe kirekire, nubushobozi bwihuse bwo kwishyuza. Izi bateri zikoresha lithium ivanze nka electrolyte kandi izwiho uburemere bworoshye kandi bworoshye. 

Ibyiza:

Ubucucike bwinshi: Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion ifite imwe mu mbaraga nyinshi mu bwoko bwa bateri zose, bivuze ko zishobora kubika ingufu nyinshi mu mwanya muto.
Igihe kirekire: Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion irashobora kumara imyaka 15-20, bigatuma iramba kuruta ubundi buhanga bwinshi bwo kubika.
Kwishyuza byihuse no gusohora: Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion irashobora kubika vuba no kurekura ingufu, bigatuma iba nziza mugutwara imizigo yimisozi no gutanga ituze kuri gride.
Ubunini: Izi bateri ni modular, bivuze ko ushobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kubika uko ingufu zikenerwa nizuba zikura.

Imipaka:

Igiciro: Nubwo ibiciro byagabanutse uko imyaka yagiye ihita, bateri ya lithium-ion iracyafite igiciro cyo hejuru ugereranije nubundi buhanga.
Imicungire yubushyuhe: Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion isaba kugenzura ubushyuhe bwitondewe kuko yunvikana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.

Ibyiza bikwiranye nimirasire yizuba hamwe nibisabwa ingufu nyinshi zo kubika aho umwanya nubushobozi aribintu byingenzi. Bikunze gukoreshwa mububiko nubucuruzi-buringaniye bwo kubika izuba.

2.Bateri zitemba
Batteri zitemba nubuhanga bugaragara bwo kubika ingufu zikwiranye cyane cyane no kubika ingufu zigihe kirekire mubikorwa binini nk'imirasire y'izuba. Muri bateri itemba, ingufu zibikwa mumazi ya electrolyte yumuti unyura mumashanyarazi kugirango ubyare amashanyarazi.

Ibyiza:
Ububiko bumara igihe kirekire: Bitandukanye na bateri ya lithium-ion, bateri zitemba ziza mubisabwa bisaba kubika igihe kirekire, mubisanzwe bimara amasaha 4-12.
Ubunini: Izi bateri zirashobora kwaguka byoroshye mukongera ubunini bwibigega bya electrolyte, bigatuma ububiko bwingufu nyinshi nkuko bikenewe.
Gukora neza: Batteri zitemba mubisanzwe zifite imbaraga nyinshi (70-80%) kandi imikorere yazo ntizangirika mugihe kimwe nizindi bateri zimwe.

Imipaka:
Ubucucike buke: Bateri zitemba zifite ingufu nkeya ugereranije na bateri ya lithium-ion, bivuze ko bisaba umwanya munini wumubiri kugirango ubike ingufu zingana.
Igiciro: Ikoranabuhanga riracyatera imbere kandi ikiguzi cyambere kirashobora kuba kinini, ariko ubushakashatsi buracyibanda kugabanya ibiciro.
Ingorabahizi: Bitewe na sisitemu ya electrolyte yamazi, bateri zitemba ziragoye gushiraho no kubungabunga.

3.Bateri ya aside-aside
Batteri ya aside-aside ni bumwe muburyo bwa kera bwo kubika bateri. Izi bateri zikoresha amasahani ya aside na aside sulfurike kugirango ibike kandi irekure amashanyarazi. Nubwo zasimbuwe nubuhanga buhanitse mubikorwa byinshi, bateri ya aside-aside iracyafite uruhare mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe bikoresha imirasire y'izuba bitewe nigiciro gito cyo hejuru.

Ibyiza:
Ikiguzi-cyiza: Bateri ya aside-aside ihendutse cyane kuruta lithium-ion na bateri zitemba, bigatuma iba amahitamo ashimishije kubari kuri bije itagabanije.
Ikoranabuhanga rikuze: Iri koranabuhanga rya batiri rimaze imyaka mirongo rikoreshwa kandi rifite amateka meza yo kwizerwa n'umutekano.
Kuboneka: Batteri ya aside-aside iraboneka cyane kandi byoroshye isoko.

Imipaka:
Igihe gito cyo kubaho: Bateri ya aside-aside ifite igihe gito ugereranije (mubisanzwe imyaka 3-5), bivuze ko igomba gusimburwa kenshi, bikavamo ibiciro byigihe kirekire.
Ubushobozi buke: Izi bateri ntizikora neza kurusha lithium-ion na bateri zitemba, bikaviramo gutakaza ingufu mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora.
Umwanya n'uburemere: Batteri ya aside-aside irarenze kandi iremereye, bisaba umwanya munini wumubiri kugirango ugere kubushobozi bumwe.

Bateri ya aside-acide iracyakoreshwa mumirima mito yizuba cyangwa kugarura amashanyarazi aho ikiguzi ari ingenzi kuruta ubuzima cyangwa gukora neza. Birakenewe kandi kuri sisitemu yizuba itari gride aho umwanya utari imbogamizi.

4.Bateri ya Sodium-sulfure (NaS)
Batteri ya Sodium-sulfure ni bateri yubushyuhe bwo hejuru ikoresha sodium ya sufuru na sulfure kugirango ibike ingufu. Izi bateri zikoreshwa kenshi murwego rwa gride-nini kuko zishobora kubika ingufu nyinshi mugihe kirekire.

Ibyiza:
Ubushobozi buhanitse hamwe nubushobozi bunini: Bateri ya Sodium-sulfure ifite ubushobozi bwo kubika cyane kandi irashobora kurekura ingufu mugihe kirekire, bigatuma iba nziza mumirima minini yizuba.
Birakwiye kubikwa igihe kirekire: Bashoboye kubika ingufu mugihe kirekire no gutanga ingufu zokwizerwa mugihe umusaruro wizuba ari muke.

Imipaka:
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bukora: Bateri ya Sodium-sulfure ikenera ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (hafi 300 ° C), ibyo bikaba byongera umurego wo gushiraho no kubungabunga.
Igiciro: Izi bateri zihenze gushiraho no gukora, bigatuma bidakwiranye nimishinga mito yizuba.

Kugereranya tekinoroji ya batiri kumirima yizuba

Ibyingenzi Byingenzi byo Guhitamo Ububiko bwa Batiri Solar

Guhitamo ububiko bukomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni intambwe y'ingenzi mu gutuma umutekano uramba ndetse n'imikorere irambye y'imishinga y'izuba. Sisitemu yo kubika neza ya batiri ntishobora gufasha gusa kuringaniza umusaruro nibisabwa ningufu zizuba gusa ahubwo inashimangira inyungu ziva mubushoramari (ROI), kongera ingufu zo kwihaza, ndetse no kuzamura imiyoboro ihamye. Iyo uhisemo igisubizo cyo kubika ingufu, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibintu by'ingenzi bikurikira:

1. Ibisabwa Ubushobozi bwo Kubika

Ubushobozi bwa sisitemu yo kubika bateri igena ingufu zizuba zishobora kubika no kurekura mugihe cyibisabwa cyangwa iminsi yibicu. Reba ibintu bikurikira kugirango umenye ubushobozi bukenewe bwo kubika:

• Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba: Suzuma ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba kandi umenye umubare w'amashanyarazi agomba kubikwa ukurikije ingufu z'amashanyarazi ku manywa na nijoro. Mubisanzwe, uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zumurima wizuba bukenera ubushobozi buhagije kugirango amashanyarazi abone amasaha 24.
• Umutwaro wo hejuru: Ku zuba ryinshi ryizuba, ingufu zituruka kumirasire y'izuba akenshi zigera kumasonga. Sisitemu ya batiri igomba kuba ishobora kubika ayo mashanyarazi arenze kugirango itange amashanyarazi mugihe gikenewe cyane.
• Kubika igihe kirekire: Kubisabwa ingufu zigihe kirekire (nko mwijoro cyangwa mubihe by'imvura), guhitamo sisitemu ya batiri ishobora kurekura amashanyarazi igihe kirekire birakenewe cyane. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa bateri zifite igihe cyo gusohora, bityo rero guhitamo ikoranabuhanga rikwiye birashobora kwirinda ingaruka zo kubika ingufu zidahagije.

2. Gukora neza no Gutakaza Ingufu

Imikorere ya sisitemu yo kubika bateri igira ingaruka itaziguye kumikorere rusange yumusaruro wizuba. Guhitamo sisitemu ya bateri ifite ubushobozi buhanitse birashobora kugabanya gutakaza ingufu no kugabanya inyungu za sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Imikorere ya bateri isanzwe ipimwa nigihombo cyingufu zitangwa mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora.

• Gutakaza imbaraga: Tekinoroji ya bateri imwe (nka bateri ya aside-aside) izabyara igihombo kinini ugereranije (hafi 20% -30%) mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora. Ibinyuranye, bateri ya lithium-ion ifite imikorere myiza, mubisanzwe hejuru ya 90%, ishobora kugabanya cyane imyanda yingufu.
• Gukora neza kwinzira: Gukoresha-gusohora kwinzira ya bateri nayo igira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yingufu. Guhitamo bateri ifite ubushobozi bwo kuzenguruka cyane birashobora kwemeza ko sisitemu ikomeza gukora neza mugihe cyinshi cyo gusohora-gusohora no kugabanya ibiciro byigihe kirekire.

3. Ubuzima bwa Bateriyeri no kuzunguruka

Ubuzima bwa serivisi ya bateri ni ikintu cyingenzi mugusuzuma ubukungu bwigihe kirekire bwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Ubuzima bwa Batteri ntibuhindura gusa inyungu yambere kubushoramari ahubwo inagena ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga no gusimbuza inshuro za sisitemu. Tekinoroji zitandukanye za batiri zifite itandukaniro rikomeye mubuzima.

• Bateri ya Litiyumu-ion: Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion ifite igihe kirekire cyo gukora, ubusanzwe igera ku myaka 15-20 cyangwa irenga.
• Bateri ya aside-aside: Bateri ya aside-aside ifite igihe gito cyo kubaho, mubisanzwe hagati yimyaka 3 na 5.
• Bateri zitemba na bateri ya sodium-sulfure: Bateri zitemba na batiri ya sodium-sulfure mubisanzwe bifite ubuzima bwimyaka 10-15.

4. Igiciro no kugaruka ku ishoramari (ROI)

Igiciro nikimwe mubitekerezo byingenzi muguhitamo sisitemu yo kubika bateri. Nubwo tekinoroji ya bateri ikora neza (nka bateri ya lithium-ion) ifite ishoramari ryambere ryambere, bafite igihe kirekire cyumurimo nigiciro cyo kubungabunga, bityo barashobora gutanga inyungu nyinshi mugihe kirekire.

• Igiciro cyambere: Ubwoko butandukanye bwa sisitemu ya batiri ifite ibiciro bitandukanye. Kurugero, nubwo bateri ya lithium-ion ifite igiciro cyambere cyambere, itanga imikorere myiza kandi igaruka mugukoresha igihe kirekire. Bateri ya aside-aside ifite igiciro cyambere cyambere kandi irakwiriye mumishinga ifite ingengo yimari ikaze, ariko igihe gito cyo kubaho hamwe nigiciro kinini cyo kuyitaho gishobora gutuma ibiciro byigihe kirekire byiyongera.
• Inyungu ndende: Mugereranije ibiciro byubuzima (harimo amafaranga yo kwishyiriraho, amafaranga yo kubungabunga, hamwe nogusimbuza bateri) ya tekinoroji ya bateri zitandukanye, urashobora gusuzuma neza inyungu zumushinga ku ishoramari (ROI). Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion isanzwe itanga ROI yo hejuru kuko ishobora gukomeza gukora neza mugihe kirekire kandi ikagabanya imyanda yingufu.

5. Ubunini & Igishushanyo mbonera

Mugihe imishinga yizuba yagutse kandi igasaba kwiyongera, ubunini bwa sisitemu yo kubika bateri biba ingenzi. Sisitemu yo kubika bateri isanzwe igufasha kongeramo ibikoresho bibika ingufu nkuko bikenewe kugirango uhuze nibikenewe.

• Igishushanyo mbonera: Bateri zombi za lithium-ion na bateri zitemba zifite ubunini bwiza kandi birashobora kwagura byoroshye ubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu wongeyeho modules. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu guhinga imirasire y'izuba.
• Kuzamura ubushobozi: Guhitamo sisitemu ya bateri ifite ubunini bwiza mugihe cyambere cyumushinga birashobora kugabanya amafaranga yakoreshejwe mugihe umushinga wagutse.

6. Ibisabwa Umutekano no Kubungabunga

Umutekano wa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ni ngombwa, cyane cyane mububiko bunini bwa batiri izuba. Guhitamo tekinoroji ya batiri ifite umutekano mwinshi birashobora kugabanya ibyago byimpanuka nigiciro cyo kubungabunga.

• Imicungire yubushyuhe: Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion isaba uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga neza ubushyuhe kugirango barebe ko bateri itananirwa cyangwa ngo itere akaga nkumuriro mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mugihe bateri zitemba hamwe na batiri ya aside-acide usanga idakomeye mugucunga ubushyuhe, ibindi bikorwa byabo birashobora kugira ingaruka mubidukikije bikabije.
• Inshuro yo gufata neza: Bateri ya Litiyumu-ion na bateri zitemba mubisanzwe bisaba kubungabungwa bike, mugihe bateri ya aside-aside ikenera kubungabungwa no kugenzura kenshi.

Muguhitamo uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zibereye umushinga wawe, ntushobora gusa kongera umusaruro wamashanyarazi nogutanga gusa ahubwo unatezimbere imiyoboro ihamye kandi ugarure inyungu nyinshi mubushoramari. Niba ushaka igisubizo kibitse cya batiri kumurima wawe wizuba, BSLBATT izaba umufatanyabikorwa wawe mwiza. Twandikire kugirango umenye byinshi kubicuruzwa byacu bigezweho byo kubika ingufu!

 1. Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo):

Ikibazo: Nigute kubika imirasire yumuriro wizuba bigirira akamaro gride?

Igisubizo: Ububiko bwa batiri yumuriro utanga inyungu nyinshi kumashanyarazi. Ifasha kuringaniza itangwa nibisabwa mukubika ingufu zirenze mugihe cyumusaruro mwinshi no kuyirekura mugihe bikenewe. Ibi bitezimbere imiyoboro ihamye kandi yizewe, igabanya ibyago byo kuzimya. Ububiko bwa Bateri butuma kandi ihuza neza ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, bigatuma imirasire yizuba itanga ingufu nubwo izuba ritaka. Byongeye kandi, irashobora kugabanya ibikenerwa mu kuzamura ibikorwa remezo bihenze kandi bigafasha ibikorwa bifasha gucunga neza icyifuzo gikenewe cyane, bishobora kugabanya ibiciro byamashanyarazi kubakoresha.

Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwa bateri zikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kubika imirasire y'izuba?

Igisubizo: Igihe cya bateri ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kubika imirasire yizuba irashobora gutandukana bitewe nikoranabuhanga hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa. Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion, ikoreshwa muri izi porogaramu, ubusanzwe imara hagati yimyaka 10 kugeza kuri 20. Nyamara, tekinoroji ya batiri yateye imbere yateguwe kumara igihe kirekire. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumara igihe cya bateri harimo ubujyakuzimu bwo gusohora, kwishyuza / gusohora inzinguzingo, ubushyuhe, hamwe nuburyo bwo kubungabunga. Ababikora benshi batanga garanti yimyaka 10 cyangwa irenga, yemeza urwego runaka rwimikorere muricyo gihe. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, turashobora kwitega kubona iterambere ryigihe kirekire cya batiri no gukora neza.