Ni he nshobora gushiraho sisitemu ya batiri izuba?

Sisitemu ya batiri yizubabisaba ibidukikije bimwe na bimwe kugirango bikore neza kandi birambe. Turaguha inama zahantu heza ho kwinjirira. Kimwe mubibazo byingenzi ugomba gusuzuma mugihe ushaka gukuramo amashanyarazi ya batiri yizuba niho uyashyira. Mubusanzwe, ugomba gukurikiza ibisobanuro byakozwe nuwabikoze kugirango utangire amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (PV). Ibi kandi ni ngombwa kuri garanti. Mu mabwiriza yo gukora no kuyashyiraho, uzasangamo amakuru ajyanye nibidukikije (ubushyuhe, ubushuhe) bigomba kubahirizwa. Ibi kandi birareba intera kurukuta nibindi bikoresho mubyumba byubatswe. Impungenge nyamukuru hano ni ukureba ko ubushyuhe butangwa mugihe cyo gukora bushobora gukwirakwira bihagije. Niba ushaka kwinjizamo amashanyarazi mu cyumba cyo gutekamo, ugomba kwitondera intera ntoya yo gushyushya no gutwika byagenwe nuwakoze batiri izuba. Birashobora kandi kuba kwishyiriraho icyumba kibamo muri rusange birabujijwe. Wowe kuruhande rwumutekano niba ufite sisitemu ya batiri yizuba ya gride yashizweho nisosiyete yinzobere. Guhuza amashanyarazi kumurongo wamashanyarazi yinzu yawe, unyuzemo ushobora no kugaburira amashanyarazi mumashanyarazi rusange, birashobora gukorwa gusa numuyagankuba wemewe. Impuguke izagenzura inzu yawe hakiri kare kandi igaragaze ikibanza gikwiye. Mubyongeyeho, ibintu bikurikira bigira ingaruka kumwanya wogushiraho kuri sisitemu ya batiri yizuba ya gride: Umwanya usabwa Bateri yo kubika grid hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bifitanye isano (kugenzura ibicuruzwa, inverter) bitangwa mubishushanyo bitandukanye. Baraboneka nkibice byegeranye bishyirwa kurukuta cyangwa bihagarara hasi muburyo bwa guverenema. Sisitemu nini yo kubika ingufu za gride igizwe na byinshimoderi ya batiri. Ibyo ari byo byose, ikibanza cyo kwishyiriraho kigomba gutanga umwanya uhagije wo kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba. Module nyinshi zigomba gushyirwa hafi yazo kuburyo insinga zihuza zitarenza metero 1. Sisitemu ya batiri izuba ya gride ifite uburemere buremereye bwibiro 100 nibindi. Igorofa igomba kuba ishobora gushyigikira uyu mutwaro nta kibazo. Gushiraho urukuta biranakomeye. Hamwe nuburemere nkubwo, kwizirika hamwe na dowel zisanzwe hamwe na screw ntibihagije. Hano ugomba gukoresha imitwaro iremereye kandi birashoboka no gushimangira urukuta. Kuboneka Ugomba kwemeza kugera kuri sisitemu ya batiri yizuba ya gride igihe cyose kubatekinisiye babungabunga cyangwa mugihe habaye ibibazo. Muri icyo gihe, ugomba kwemeza ko abantu batabifitiye uburenganzira, cyane cyane abana, baguma kure ya sisitemu. Igomba kuba mucyumba gifunze. Ibidukikije Byombi bituruka kuri bateri yizuba hamwe na inverter bisaba ubushyuhe buhoraho bwibidukikije, hamwe na bateri yizuba ya gride ni igice cyoroshye cya sisitemu. Ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane bigabanya kwishyuza no gusohora imikorere ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, kurundi ruhande, bugira ingaruka mbi mubuzima bwa serivisi. Ababikora benshi bagaragaza ubushyuhe buri hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 5 na 30. Nyamara, ubushyuhe bwiza buri hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 15 na 25 gusa. Inverters irashobora kwihanganira bimwe. Bamwe mubakora uruganda bagaragaza intera yagutse hagati ya -25 na dogere selisiyusi. Niba ibyo bikoresho nabyo bifite urwego rukwiye rwo kurinda (IP65 cyangwa IP67), urashobora no kubishyira hanze. Ariko, ibi ntibireba bateri yizuba. Ikintu cya kabiri cyingenzi cyibidukikije ni ubushuhe. Ntigomba kurenga 80 ku ijana. Bitabaye ibyo, hari ibyago byo kwangirika kw'amashanyarazi. Kurundi ruhande, nta karimbi kari hasi. Guhumeka Cyane cyane mugihe ukoresheje bateri ziyobora, ugomba kwemeza ko icyumba kirimo umwuka uhagije. Izi bateri zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba ziva mu gihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora kandi, hamwe na ogisijeni yo mu kirere, havangwa imvange ya gaze iturika. Bateri ya aside-aside iri mubyumba byihariye bya batiri aho nta bikoresho byaka bibikwa kandi aho utagomba kwinjira hamwe numuriro ufunguye (itabi). Izi ngaruka ntizibaho hamwe na bateri ya lithium ikunze gukoreshwa muri iki gihe. Nubwo bimeze bityo, guhumeka nibyiza gukuraho ubuhehere no kugabanya ubushyuhe mucyumba. Byombi amashanyarazi ya batiri yizuba hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoronike ya sisitemu yo kubika bitanga ubushyuhe butagomba kwemererwa kwegeranya. Kwihuza kuri interineti Uzakenera umurongo wa enterineti kugirango ukurikirane neza sisitemu ya Photovoltaque harimo no kubika bateri ya gride kandi, nibishaka, kugirango ugabanye amashanyarazi kumashanyarazi. Mu gicu cyumukoresha, urashobora kubona ingufu zizuba zinganasisitemu yo gufotoraitanga nangahe kilowatt-amasaha ugaburira muri gride. Ababikora benshi basanzwe bafite ibikoresho byo kubika hamwe na WLAN. Ibi biroroshye cyane guhuza sisitemu na enterineti. Ariko, kimwe nu miyoboro yose idafite umugozi, kwivanga birashobora kugira ingaruka ku ihererekanyamakuru cyangwa bikayihagarika by'agateganyo. Ihuriro rya LAN isanzwe hamwe numuyoboro wa rezo itanga umurongo uhamye. Kubwibyo, ugomba gushiraho umuyoboro uhuza urubuga mbere yo gushiraho sisitemu ya batiri izuba. Ibyifuzo byabakiriya ba off-grid izuba rya sisitemu yo kwishyiriraho Parikingi Hejuru Munsi yo hasi Inama y'Abaminisitiri Icyumba cy'ingirakamaro Icyumba cy'ingirakamaro Basabwe kwishyiriraho sisitemu ya batiri yizuba ya gride. Ibisabwa byerekana ko, nkuko bisanzwe, ibyumba byo hasi, gushyushya, cyangwa ibyumba byingirakamaro ni ahantu hashobora gushyirwaho sisitemu ya batiri yizuba. Ibyumba byingirakamaro mubisanzwe biherereye mu igorofa rya mbere bityo bikaba bifite hafi y’ibidukikije kimwe n’ibyumba byo guturamo. Mubisanzwe bafite idirishya, bityo guhumeka birizezwa. Ariko, hariho ibitemewe: Mu nzu ishaje, kurugero, munsi yohasi iba itose. Muri iki kibazo, ugomba kugira abahanga bagenzura niba bikwiriye gushyirwaho amashanyarazi ya batiri izuba. Ikoreshwa rya atike yahinduwe naryo rirashobora gutekerezwa, mugihe ubushyuhe hano butazamutse hejuru yurugero rwa dogere selisiyusi 30 mugihe cyizuba. Muri iki kibazo, ugomba gushyira sisitemu mubyumba bitandukanye bifunga. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane niba hari abana baba murugo. Ntibikwiriye gushyirwaho sisitemu yo kubika sisitemu ya fotokoltaque ni stabilite, inyubako zidashyushye, inyubako zidahinduwe kandi zidashyushye kimwe na garage idafite ubushyuhe na carports. Muri ibi bihe, ntabwo bishoboka ko habaho ibidukikije bikenewe kuri sisitemu. Niba ufite ikibazo kijyanye no gushiraho sisitemu ya batiri yizuba ya gride, cyangwa ufite ikibazo kijyanyeamashanyarazi ya gride, nyamuneka twumve neza!