Mugihe intambara hagati yUburusiya na Ukraine ikomeje, sisitemu zo kubika ingufu za PV zongeye kugaragara mu bwisanzure bw’amashanyarazi, kandi guhitamo bateri nziza kuri sisitemu ya PV byabaye kimwe mu bintu bibabaza cyane abakiriya. Nkumushinga wambere wa batiri ya lithium mubushinwa, turasabaBateri y'izubaUrugo rwawe. 
Batteri ya Litiyumu (cyangwa bateri ya Li-ion) nimwe mubisubizo bigezweho byo kubika ingufu za sisitemu ya PV. Hamwe nubucucike bwingufu, ubuzima burebure, ikiguzi cyinshi kuri buri cyerekezo hamwe nibindi byiza byinshi kurenza bateri gakondo ya aside-aside ihagaze, ibyo bikoresho bigenda bigaragara cyane mumirasire y'izuba ya gride na Hybrid. Ubwoko bwo Kubika Bateri Urebye Kuki uhitamo Litiyumu nkigisubizo cyo kubika ingufu murugo? Ntabwo byihuse, banza dusuzume ubwoko bwa bateri zibika ingufu zihari. Litiyumu-ion Batteri yizuba Imikoreshereze ya batiri ya lithium cyangwa lithium yazamutse cyane mumyaka yashize. Zitanga inyungu zingenzi niterambere kuruta ubundi buryo bwa tekinoroji ya batiri. Batteri yizuba ya Litiyumu-ion itanga ingufu nyinshi, ziraramba kandi zisaba kubungabungwa bike. Mubyongeyeho, ubushobozi bwabo buguma buhoraho nubwo nyuma yigihe kirekire cyo gukora. Batteri ya Litiyumu ifite ubuzima bumara imyaka 20. Izi bateri zibika hagati ya 80% na 90% yubushobozi bwabo bukoreshwa. Batteri ya Litiyumu yateye intambwe nini mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda nyinshi, zirimo terefone ngendanwa na mudasobwa zigendanwa, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ndetse n’indege nini z’ubucuruzi, kandi biragenda biba ngombwa ku isoko ry’izuba ryifotora. Kuyobora Bateri Yizuba Kurundi ruhande, bateri ya gurş-gel ifite 50 kugeza 60% byubushobozi bwayo bukoreshwa. Bateri ya aside-aside nayo ntishobora guhangana na bateri ya lithium mubuzima. Mubisanzwe ugomba kubisimbuza mumyaka 10. Kuri sisitemu ifite imyaka 20 yo kubaho, bivuze ko ugomba gushora inshuro ebyiri muri bateri kugirango ubike hejuru ya bateri ya lithium mugihe kimwe. Amashanyarazi ya Solar-Acide Imbere ya bateri ya gurş-gel ni bateri ya aside-aside. Birahendutse kandi bifite tekinoroji ikuze kandi ikomeye. Nubwo bagaragaje agaciro kabo mumyaka irenga 100 nkimodoka cyangwa bateri yingufu zihutirwa, ntibashobora guhangana na bateri ya lithium. Nyuma ya byose, imikorere yabo ni 80 ku ijana. Ariko, bafite ubuzima bwigihe gito cyimyaka 5 kugeza 7. Ingufu zabo nazo ziri munsi yubwa bateri ya lithium-ion. Cyane cyane iyo ikora bateri ishaje ishaje, harashoboka ko gaze ya oxyhydrogen iturika mugihe icyumba cyo kuyishyiramo kidahumeka neza. Ariko, sisitemu nshya ifite umutekano gukora. Redox Flow Batteri Birakwiriye kubika umubare munini w'amashanyarazi ashobora kuvugururwa ukoresheje fotokopi. Ahantu ho gukoreshwa kuri bateri ya redox rero ntabwo ari inyubako zo guturamo cyangwa ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, ahubwo ni ubucuruzi ninganda, nabyo bifitanye isano nuko bikiri bihenze cyane. Batteri ya Redox itemba nikintu kimeze nka selile yumuriro. Bitandukanye na litiro-ion na batiri ya aside-aside, uburyo bwo kubika ntibubikwa imbere muri bateri ahubwo hanze. Ibisubizo bibiri bya electrolyte ibisubizo bikora nkububiko. Ibisubizo bya electrolyte bibitswe mubigega byoroshye byo hanze. Bapompa gusa muri selile ya bateri kugirango bishyure cyangwa basohoke. Akarusho hano nuko ntabwo ingano ya bateri ahubwo ingano ya tank igena ubushobozi bwo kubika. Ububiko bwa Brineimyaka Okiside ya Manganese, karubone ikora, ipamba na brine nibigize ubu bwoko bwububiko. Okiside ya manganese iherereye kuri cathode na karubone ikora kuri anode. Ubusanzwe ipamba selulose ikoreshwa nkitandukanya na brine nka electrolyte. Ububiko bwa brine ntabwo burimo ibintu byangiza ibidukikije, aribyo bituma bishimisha cyane. Ariko, ugereranije - voltage ya bateri ya lithium-ion 3.7V - 1.23V iracyari hasi cyane. Hydrogen nkububiko bwimbaraga Inyungu ifatika hano nuko ushobora gukoresha ingufu zizuba zisagutse zitangwa mugihe cyizuba gusa. Agace gakoreshwa mububiko bwa hydrogène cyane cyane mububiko bwigihe kirekire kandi kirekire. Nyamara, ubu buhanga bwo kubika buracyari mu ntangiriro. Kubera ko amashanyarazi yahinduwe mububiko bwa hydrogène agomba guhinduka kuva hydrogène akongera amashanyarazi mugihe bikenewe, ingufu ziratakara. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imikorere ya sisitemu yo kubika ni 40% gusa. Kwinjiza muri sisitemu ya Photovoltaque nayo iragoye cyane nuko bisaba amafaranga menshi. Electrolyzer, compressor, tank ya hydrogène na bateri yo kubika igihe gito kandi birumvikana ko selile ikenewe. Hano hari abatanga isoko batanga sisitemu yuzuye. 
Batteri ya LiFePO4 (cyangwa LFP) nigisubizo cyiza cyo kubika ingufu muri sisitemu ya PV ituye LiFePO4 & Umutekano Mugihe bateri ya aside-aside yahaye bateri ya lithium amahirwe yo gufata iyambere kubera guhora bakeneye kuzuza aside no guhumanya ibidukikije, bateri ya lisiyumu idafite fosifate (LiFePO4) izwiho umutekano muke, ibisubizo byumutekano muke cyane ibigize imiti. Ntibaturika cyangwa ngo bafate umuriro mugihe bahuye nibintu biteye akaga nko kugongana cyangwa imiyoboro migufi, bikagabanya cyane amahirwe yo gukomereka. Kubijyanye na bateri ya aside-aside, buriwese azi ko ubujyakuzimu bwayo bwo gusohora ari 50% gusa yubushobozi buboneka, bitandukanye na bateri ya aside-aside, bateri ya lithium fer fosifate iraboneka 100% byubushobozi bwabo. Iyo ufashe bateri 100Ah, urashobora gukoresha 30Ah kugeza 50Ah ya bateri ya aside-aside, mugihe bateri ya lithium fer fosifate ari 100Ah. Ariko kugirango twongere ubuzima bwa lithium fer fosifate yizuba igihe kirekire, mubisanzwe turasaba ko abaguzi bakurikiza 80% bisohoka mubuzima bwa buri munsi, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma ubuzima bwa bateri burenga 8000. Ikirere Cyinshi Bateri zombi ziyobora-aside hamwe na banki ya batiri yizuba ya lithium-ion itakaza ubushobozi mubihe bikonje. Gutakaza ingufu hamwe na bateri ya LiFePO4 ni bike. Iracyafite ubushobozi bwa 80% kuri -20? C, ugereranije na 30% hamwe na selile AGM. Ahantu henshi rero hari ubukonje bukabije cyangwa ubushyuhe,Bateri yizuba ya LiFePO4ni amahitamo meza. Ubucucike Bwinshi Ugereranije na bateri ya aside-aside, bateri ya lithium fer fosifate irikuba inshuro enye, bityo ikaba ifite imbaraga nyinshi zamashanyarazi kandi irashobora gutanga ingufu nyinshi muburemere bwikibice - itanga amasaha agera kuri 150 watt-isaha (Wh) yingufu kuri kilo (kg) ) ugereranije na 25Wh / kg kuri bateri isanzwe ihagaze-acide. Kubikorwa byinshi byizuba, ibi bitanga inyungu zingenzi mubijyanye nigiciro gito cyo kwishyiriraho no gukora byihuse umushinga. Iyindi nyungu yingenzi nuko bateri ya Li-ion itagengwa nicyo bita ingaruka yibuka, ishobora kugaragara hamwe nubundi bwoko bwa bateri mugihe habaye igabanuka ritunguranye rya voltage ya bateri hanyuma igikoresho kigatangira gukora mubisohoka nyuma hamwe no kugabanya imikorere. Muyandi magambo, dushobora kuvuga ko bateri ya Li-ion "itabaswe" kandi ntabwo ikoresha ibyago byo "kwizizirwa" (gutakaza imikorere kubera kuyikoresha). Porogaramu ya Batiri ya Litiyumu murugo Imirasire y'izuba Imirasire y'izuba murugo irashobora gukoresha bateri imwe gusa cyangwa bateri nyinshi zijyanye nurukurikirane na / cyangwa ibangikanye (banki ya batiri), ukurikije ibyo ukeneye. Ubwoko bubiri bwa sisitemu irashobora gukoreshalitiro-ion ya batiri yizuba: Off Grid (yitaruye, idafite aho ihurira na gride) na Hybrid Kuri + Off Grid (ihujwe na gride na bateri). Muri Off Grid, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba abikwa na bateri kandi agakoreshwa na sisitemu mugihe kitagira ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba (nijoro cyangwa ku manywa). Rero, itangwa ryizewe mugihe cyose cyumunsi. Muri Hybrid On + Off Grid sisitemu, bateri yizuba ya lithium ningirakamaro nkububiko. Hamwe na banki ya batiri yizuba, birashoboka kugira ingufu zamashanyarazi niyo haba hari umuriro wabuze, byongera ubwigenge bwa sisitemu. Byongeye kandi, bateri irashobora gukora nkisoko yinyongera yingufu kugirango yuzuze cyangwa igabanye ingufu za gride. Rero, birashoboka guhitamo gukoresha ingufu mugihe gikenewe cyane cyangwa mugihe igiciro kiri hejuru cyane. Reba porogaramu zishoboka hamwe nubu bwoko bwa sisitemu zirimo bateri yizuba: Gukurikirana kure cyangwa Sisitemu ya Telemetry; Gukwirakwiza uruzitiro - amashanyarazi yo mu cyaro; Imirasire y'izuba kumurika rusange, nk'amatara yo kumuhanda n'amatara yumuhanda; Amashanyarazi yo mu cyaro cyangwa amatara yo mu cyaro ahantu hitaruye; Gukoresha sisitemu ya kamera ifite ingufu zizuba; Imodoka zidagadura, moteri, romoruki, na vanseri; Ingufu zubatswe; Gukoresha sisitemu y'itumanaho; Guha ingufu ibikoresho byigenga muri rusange; Imirasire y'izuba ituye (mu mazu, mu magorofa, no mu gakingirizo); Imirasire y'izuba yo gukoresha ibikoresho nibikoresho nka konderasi na firigo; Solar UPS (itanga ingufu kuri sisitemu mugihe habaye umuriro w'amashanyarazi, kugumisha ibikoresho no kurinda ibikoresho); Imashini itanga ibikoresho (itanga imbaraga kuri sisitemu mugihe hari umuriro w'amashanyarazi cyangwa mugihe runaka); “Kogosha cyane - kugabanya gukoresha ingufu mugihe gikenewe cyane; Kugenzura Ibicuruzwa mugihe cyihariye, kugirango ugabanye ibicuruzwa mugihe cyibiciro biri hejuru, kurugero. Mubindi bikorwa byinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-08-2024