Impamvu Bateri ya Litiyumu nurufunguzo rwingufu za Biden Inzozi

Mu kwiyamamaza kw’Amerika kwashimishije isi yose mu 2020, umukandida wahoze ari perezida icyo gihe, Joe Biden, yatangaje nyuma y’amatora ye ya perezida yatsinze ko ubuyobozi bwe buzatanga hafi miliyari 2 z'amadolari mu gihe kiri imbere kugira ngo ubukungu bw’ingufu zisukure.Biden arateganya kongera amafaranga akoreshwa na leta mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere agera kuri miliyari 300 z'amadolari, ndetse n'ingengo y'imari ingana na miliyari 400 z'amadolari yo kugura ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu zirambye muri Amerika. "Tugiye kumenya neza ko dufite ubushobozi bwo guhindura amato ya federasiyo ku modoka z'amashanyarazi."Tugarutse ubwo Biden yari mu nzira yo kwiyamamaza, yagize ati: "Kugira ngo tumenye ko dushobora kubikora, tuzashyiraho sitasiyo zishyuza 500.000 ku mihanda yose tugiye kubaka mu gihe kiri imbere." Hamwe n’ishoramari riza mu 2021, igihe Biden yatangira imirimo ku mugaragaro, inganda za batiri zirashobora kwitega ko guverinoma y’Amerika iriho izagira uruhare runini mu iterambere kandigukora tekinoroji ya batiri.Turashobora kubona ibintu bitatu bishoboka mubyemezo byubuyobozi bwa Biden bishobora kugira ingaruka kumajyambere yinganda.I. Inkunga ya leta yo kwihutisha guhanga udushya ku isoko yo gukoresha batiriImibare irerekana ko 22% byonyine byakoreshejwe muri Amerika R&D biva mumafaranga ya reta, mugihe 73% biva mubikorera.Intambwe yubuyobozi bwa Biden mu kwagura ishoramari rya R&D rishobora gutanga amahirwe yinyongera kubikorwa byo muri Amerika, serivisi, nibindi.Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane ku masosiyete mato, usibye n’amasosiyete manini, yashoboraga kubona uburyo bukenewe kugira ngo akore ubushakashatsi bwa batiri, ari nabwo bushobora gutuma havumburwa ibisubizo bishya bibika ingufu kandi bigatanga uburyo bwo kuzana udushya ku isoko. Amerika mu byukuri yabaye umuyobozi mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rya batiri ariko mu byukuri ntiyatsinze cyane gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ku isoko.Niba ibintu bigenda neza, inkunga yubuyobozi bwa Biden izazana imbaraga zo kwihutisha guhanga udushya muri Amerika ku isoko.Ibipimo bifatika bizaba ubuyobozi bushya bwo gukoresha udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu guhanga imirimo mishya no kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Tumaze kubona iterambere ryinshi mubikorwa bya batiri mumyaka icumi ishize.muri 2010, impuzandengo yikigereranyo cya batiri ya litiro ya anibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (EV)yari $ 1,160 / kWt.ubungubu, nkuko abahanga babiteganya, abakora bateri bashobora kurenga $ 100 / kWhh ntarengwa 2023. Ibi byerekana uburinganire bwibiciro hagati yimodoka zamashanyarazi nibinyabiziga bisanzwe bikoreshwa na lisansi.Imishinga mishya iterwa inkunga na leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika irashobora kwihutisha iterambere kandi igatera ikwirakwizwa ry’imodoka z’amashanyarazi no gutandukanya ingamba za EV muri Amerika. II.Iyobowe na guverinoma isaba gukora ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufuPerezida Biden yerekanye ko mu by'ukuri ubuyobozi bwe buzashora miliyari 400 z'amadolari mu bicuruzwa bitanga ingufu zakozwe muri Amerika, ibyinshi bikaba bikoreshwa na batiri.Imwe mu ntego za guverinoma nshya ya leta ni ukugira ngo bisi zose zakozwe na Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika zandike zero mu 2030. Izi mbaraga ninzira nziza yo gushyigikira no guteza imbere inganda zingirakamaro nka bateri. Ubuyobozi bwa Biden bwagaragaje ahantu henshi hibandwa, harimo ubwikorezi, ibinyabiziga, ndetse n’amashanyarazi, aho guverinoma izayobora amasosiyete yo muri Amerika kugura amasosiyete yo muri Amerika.Ikoranabuhanga rya Batiri ni ikintu cy'ingenzi muri ibi byiciro, kandi ubushobozi bwa guverinoma bwo gukoresha urunigi rw'agaciro mu gukurura ikoranabuhanga rigezweho muri Amerika bizateza imbere ubucuruzi bw'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ndetse no gukomeza imiterere y'urwego rwohereza ibicuruzwa muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. III.gukoresha ishoramari rya leta mugutezimbere inganda no guhanga imirimo Usibye ingamba ebyiri zavuzwe haruguru, ubuyobozi bwa Biden buteganya gutangiza ingamba nshya zo guteza imbere inganda za batiri n’ubwisanzure bw’ingufu muri Amerika, ndetse n’imirimo mishya. Kubaka bateri y'Abanyamerika gukora ntabwo byoroshye.Umusaruro wa bateri usaba ishoramari rikomeye, rifite inyungu nkeya cyane, kandi rifite ingaruka zikomeye.Kugeza ubu, hejuru ya 80% by’ibicuruzwa bya litiro-ion ku isi biri mu karere ka Aziya-Pasifika.Ibi byateje inzitizi zitari nke kuri IP 10 cyangwa 10 za EVO zabayeho muri Amerika mumyaka yashize. Reba ntakindi kirenze intsinzi ya Tesla.Yabonye inguzanyo ya miliyoni 400 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu mwaka wa 2008 kugira ngo yubake uruganda rwayo rwa mbere i Fremont, muri Californiya.Ubu Tesla ihagaze nk’abatanga ibinyabiziga binini cyane ku isi, itanga imodoka zigera kuri miliyoni 500 muri 2020. Ubu Tesla ikoresha inkunga ya federasiyo mu gushora imari ikwiye muri bateri zayo kugira ngo ifashe kuganza isoko ry’imodoka y’amashanyarazi kandi izakomeza kubyara agaruka kubintu byongera ingufu za Tesla. Gahunda yo gutera inkunga ibinyabiziga bigezweho (ATVM) gahunda yo gutera inkunga (ikigo cya leta gitanga inkunga ya Tesla) cyahuye nigabanuka mumyaka yashize.Ku butegetsi bwa Biden, inkunga nshya, no kwiyongera muri gahunda zisa n’ubufasha, bishobora gushishikariza amasosiyete menshi yo muri Amerika kuzana akazi mu gukora bateri no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa muri leta.Amahirwe mashyaUgereranije n’imyaka ya Obama, ubuyobozi bwa Biden busa nkaho bwibanda cyane ku ishoramari rireba imbere mu ikoranabuhanga rishya.Numwanya mwiza wo guteza imbere udushya twa tekinoroji.Isoko rya batiri rishobora kwitega kubona inkunga ya leta yuzuye mubushakashatsi, umusaruro, nibisabwa.Izi mpanuro zatumye izamuka ryibiciro bya batiri ya lithium nyuma yimyaka myinshi igabanuka.Ibi bivuze kandi ko abaturage bizeye ko hari irushanwa hagati yabaguzi no gutanga ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.Isoko ryaibicuruzwa bitanga ingufuizakomeza gukura ku gipimo gihamye gihamye mu myaka icumi iri imbere.