Umehluko Phakathi Kwamanje Okuqondile Nokushintshana Kwamanje

Namuhla, abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe bazimisele ukutshala amandla elanga ukuze bonge imali eyengeziwe futhi basebenzise indlela eqhubekayo yokukhiqiza amandla abo. Nokho, ngaphambi kokwenza noma yisiphi isinqumo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kanjaniPamasistimu we-hotovoltaicumsebenzi. Lokhu kusho ukwazi umehluko phakathiyamanje ngqofuthiukushintshana kwamanjekanye nendlela abenza ngayo kulezi zinhlelo. Ngale ndlela uzokwazi ukukhetha inketho engcono kakhulu phakathi kwabaningi, okuzoletha izinzuzo kutshalomali lwakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ucabanga ukwamukela lo mkhuba ebhizinisini lakho, kufanele usuvele wazi ukuthi uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic luyindlela okuzokhiqizwa ngayo amandla kagesi. Ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale phezulu kwesihloko, silungiselele lokhu okuthunyelwe okukutshela ukuthi kuyini nokuthi iyini indima yohlobo ngalunye lwamanje kagesi ezinhlelweni ze-photovoltaic. Hlala nathi futhi uqonde! Iyini i-direct current? Ngaphambi kokwazi ukuthi i-direct current (DC) imayelana nani, kufanelekile ukukucacisa ukuthi amandla kagesi angaqondwa njengokugeleza kwama-electron. Lezi izinhlayiya ezimbi - ezidlula ezintweni ezihambisa amandla, njengocingo. Izifunda zamanje ezinjalo zenziwe ngezigxobo ezimbili, eyodwa engalungile neyodwa enhle. Ngokwamanje okuqondile, okwamanje kuhamba kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa lwesifunda. Ngakho-ke, i-Direct current yileyo engaguquli isiqondiso sayo sokujikeleza lapho igeleza kumjikelezo, igcina kokubili okuhle (+) nokubi (-) kwe-polarity. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi i-current iqondile, kuyadingeka kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ishintshile isiqondiso, okungukuthi kusukela kokuhle kuya kokubi futhi okuphambene nalokho. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akunandaba ukuthi amandla ashintsha kanjani, noma ukuthi hlobo luni lwamagagasi amanje athathayo. Ngisho noma lokhu kwenzeka, uma kungekho ukuguqulwa kwesiqondiso, sinomshini oqhubekayo. Polarity Positive futhi Negative Ekufakweni kukagesi okunamasekhethi amanje aqondile, kuvamile ukusebenzisa izintambo ezibomvu ukuze kuqondwe izintambo eziphozithivu (+) kanye nezimnyama ezibonisa i-negative (-) polarity ekugelezeni kwamanje. Lesi silinganiso siyadingeka ngoba ukubuyisela emuva i-polarity yesifunda, futhi ngenxa yalokho isiqondiso sokugeleza kwamanje, kungabangela umonakalo ohlukahlukene emithwalweni exhunywe kumjikelezo. Lolu uhlobo lwamanje oluvamile kumadivayisi kagesi aphansi, njengamabhethri, izingxenye zekhompyutha, nezilawuli zemishini kumaphrojekthi ezishintshayo. Iphinde ikhiqizwe kumaseli elanga akha isimiso sonozungezilanga. Ezinhlelweni ze-photovoltaic kukhona ukuguqulwa phakathi kwamanje okuqondile (DC) nokushintshana kwamanje. I-DC ikhiqizwa kumojula ye-photovoltaic ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwe-radiation yelanga ibe amandla kagesi. Lawa mandla ahlala esesimweni samanje esiqondile aze adlule ku-interactive inverter, eyiguqula ibe yamanje eshintshanayo. Kuyini ukushintshashintsha kwamanje? Lolu hlobo lwamanje lubizwa ngokuthi luyashintshana ngenxa yemvelo yalo. Okusho ukuthi, akuyona i-unidirectional futhi ishintsha isiqondiso sokujikeleza ngaphakathi kwesekethe kagesi ngezikhathi ezithile. Isuka kuphozithivu iye kokubi futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, njengomgwaqo onezindlela ezimbili, nama-electron azungeza kuzo zombili izinkomba. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamanje ezishintshayo zingamagagasi ayisikwele kanye nesine, ashintsha ukuqina kwawo ukusuka kokuphozithivu okuphezulu (+) ukuya kwenegethivu enkulu (-) esikhathini esithile esinikeziwe. Ngakho-ke, imvamisa ingenye yezinto eziguquguqukayo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibonisa i-sine wave. Imelwe uhlamvu f futhi ikalwa ngo-Hertz (Hz), ngokuhlonishwa kuka-Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, olinganise ukuthi igagasi elinesine lishintshanisa izikhathi ezingaki ukuqina kwalo lisuka kunani elingu-+A laya kunani elingu-A phakathi nesikhathi esithile. I-Sine wave iyashintshana ukusuka kumjikelezo omuhle ukuya kwenegethivu Ngokwesimiso, lesi sikhawu sesikhathi sithathwa njengesekhondi elingu-1. Ngakho-ke, inani lemvamisa linani lezikhathi lapho igagasi le-sine lishintshana ngalo umjikelezo walo ukusuka kokuhle ukuya kokubi ngomzuzwana ongu-1. Ngakho-ke uma kuthatha isikhathi eside igagasi elishintshanayo ukuqedela umjikelezo owodwa, imvamisa yalo iyancipha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphakama kwemvamisa yegagasi, isikhathi esincane esizosithatha ukuqedela umjikelezo. I-alternating current (AC), njengomthetho, iyakwazi ukufinyelela ku-voltage ephakeme kakhulu, ukuyivumela ukuthi ihambe ibanga elide ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla kakhulu. Yingakho amandla avela ezimbonini zikagesi edluliselwa lapho aya khona ngokushintshana kwamandla. Lolu hlobo lwamanje lusetshenziswa izinto eziningi zasendlini zikagesi, njengemishini yokuwasha, amathelevishini, abenzi bekhofi, nokunye. Amandla kagesi ayo aphezulu adinga ukuthi ngaphambi kokuthi angene ezindlini, kufanele aguqulwe abe ama-voltage aphansi, afana nama-volts angu-120 noma angu-220. Laba bobabili benza kanjani ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic? Lawa masistimu akhiwe izingxenye eziningana, njengezilawuli zokushaja, amaseli e-photovoltaic, ama-inverters, kanyeisistimu yokusekela ibhethri. Kuyo, ukukhanya kwelanga kuguqulwa kube amandla kagesi ngokushesha nje lapho kufinyelela kumaphaneli e-photovoltaic. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokusabela okukhulula ama-electron, akhiqiza amandla kagesi aqondile (DC). Ngemuva kokuthi i-DC ikhiqizwa, idlula kuma-inverters anesibopho sokuyiguqula ibe yamanje eshintshanayo, eyenza ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezintweni ezivamile. Kuzinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezixhunywe kugridi kagesi, imitha ye-bidirectional inamathiselwe, egcina umkhondo wawo wonke amandla akhiqizwayo. Ngale ndlela, okungasetshenzisiwe, ngokushesha kuqondiswe kugridi kagesi, okukhiqiza amakhredithi okumele asetshenziswe ngezikhathi zokukhiqiza amandla aphansi elanga. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzisi ukhokhela kuphela umehluko phakathi kwamandla akhiqizwa isistimu yakhe kanye nalawo adliwe endaweni yemvume. Ngakho, izinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zinganikeza izinzuzo eziningi futhi zinganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zikagesi. Kodwa-ke, ukuze lokhu kuphumelele, okokusebenza kufanele kube sezingeni eliphezulu, futhi kufanele kufakwe ngendlela efanele ukuze kungaveli umonakalo nezingozi. Okokugcina, njengoba manje sewazi kancane mayelana namandla aqondile kanye namanje ashintshayo, uma ufuna ukudlula lezi zinkinga zobuchwepheshe lapho ufaka isistimu yelanga, i-BSLBATT yethuleI-AC ihlanganiswe Konke ohlelweni olulodwa lokusekela ibhethri, eguqula amandla elanga ngokuqondile abe amandla e-AC. Xhumana nathi ukuze uthole ukubonisana komuntu siqu kanye nekhotheshini kubameleli bethu abaqeqeshiwe nabaqeqeshwe ngokobuchwepheshe.