Ibiza malini Ibhethri Lelanga Lasekhaya Nge-kWh?

Zingakanani izindleko zebhethri lelanga lasekhaya nge-kWh ngayinye? Ingabe udinga ngisho nebhekhaphu yebhethri yokuhlala yesistimu yakho ye-photovoltaic? Lapha uzothola izimpendulo. Izindleko zokusebenzisa ibhethri lelanga lasekhaya ziyehluka kakhulu, kuye kakhulu ngokuthiinkampani yebhethri yelanga. Esikhathini esidlule, sasisebenzisa amabhethri aneasidi yomthofu ukuze sigcine amandla elanga. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe bamabhethri aneasidi yomthofu sebuvuthiwe ngokuqhathaniswa, izindleko ezilindelekile ngehora le-kilowatt zingaba u-$500 kuya ku-$1,000! Amabhethri elanga e-lithium-ion kancane kancane athatha indawo yamabhethri e-lead-acid njengesizukulwane esilandelayo sezinhlelo zokusekela ibhethri lasekhaya ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwawo okuphezulu, umthamo otholakalayo kakhudlwana nempilo yesevisi ende, kodwa futhi eza nezindleko zokuthenga eziphakeme, ngakho izindleko ezilindelekile I-kWh yamabhethri elanga asekhaya e-lithium-ion ingu-$800 kuya ku-$1,350. Ingabe amabhethri elanga asekhaya ayakufanelekela? I-Photovoltaics ikhiqiza ugesi kusuka elangeni. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic lungakwazi ukukhiqiza amandla amaningi kuphela lapho ilanga likhanya. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi esikhathini kusukela ekuseni kuze kube ntambama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unesivuno esikhulu sikagesi entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla. Ngeshwa, lezi futhi izikhathi lapho ikhaya lakho lidinga ugesi omncane uma kuqhathaniswa. Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kuphezulu kakhulu ngezikhathi zakusihlwa kanye nezinyanga ezimnyama zasebusika. Ngakho, ngamafuphi, lokhu kusho: ● Isistimu iletha ugesi omncane kakhulu ngesikhathi nje uwudinga. ● Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ugesi omningi kakhulu ukhiqizwa ngesikhathi nesidingo esiphansi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, isishayamthetho sidale ukuthi kungenzeka ukondla amandla elanga ongawadingi kugridi yomphakathi. Uthola intela yokuphakelayo yalokhu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uthenge ugesi wakho kubaphakeli bamandla omphakathi ngezikhathi lapho udingeka kakhulu. Isixazululo esikahle sokukwazi ukusebenzisa ngempumelelo ugesi ngokwakho isistimu yokusekela ibhethri yesistimu yakho ye-photovoltaic. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine okwesikhashana ugesi oweqile uze uwudinga. Ingabe ngidinga ngempela isistimu yebhethri yelanga yasekhaya yesistimu yami ye-photovoltaic? Cha, i-photovoltaics iphinde isebenze ngaphandle kwesitoreji sebhethri. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu uzolahlekelwa ugesi omningi ngamahora anesivuno esikhulu ukuze uwusebenzise. Ukwengeza, kufanele uthenge ugesi kugridi yomphakathi ngezikhathi lapho udingeka kakhulu. Ukhokhelwa ugesi owufaka kugridi, kodwa bese usebenzisa imali ekuthengeni kwakho. Ungase ukhokhe ngisho nangaphezulu kunaleyo oyiholayo ngokuyifaka kugridi. Ukwengeza, imali yakho engenayo emalini ye-feed-in isekelwe ezimisweni zomthetho, ezingashintsha noma zikhanselwe ngokuphelele noma nini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intela yokuphakelayo ikhokhwa isikhathi esiyiminyaka engama-20 kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele uzidayisele wena ugesi ngama-broker. Intengo yemakethe yamandla elanga okwamanje imayelana namasenti ama-3 kuphela ngehora le-kilowatt. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ulwele ukusebenzisa amandla akho elanga amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngokwakho futhi ngakho-ke uthenge okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu ungakufeza kuphela ngesistimu yokugcina ibhethri yasekhaya efana ne-photovoltaics yakho kanye nezidingo zakho zikagesi. Sisho ukuthini isibalo se-kWh ngokuphathelene nesitoreji sebhethri lelanga lasekhaya? I-kilowatt hour (kWh) iyiyunithi yokulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi. Ibonisa ukuthi angakanani amandla akhiqizwa idivayisi kagesi (ijeneretha) noma ewasebenzisayo (umthengi kagesi) phakathi nehora elilodwa. Cabanga ngesibani esinamandla amawathi ayi-100 (W) sokusha amahora ayi-10. Bese lokhu kuphumela kokuthi: 100 W * 10 h = 1000 Wh noma 1 kWh. Kuzinhlelo zokugcina ibhethri lasekhaya, lesi sibalo sikutshela ukuthi angakanani amandla kagesi ongawagcina. Uma isistimu enjalo yokugcina ibhethri yasekhaya icaciswa njengehora le-kilowatt elingu-1, ungasebenzisa amandla agciniwe ukuze ugcine isibani sokukhanyisa esingu-100-watt esishiwo ngenhla sivutha amahora angu-10 agcwele. Kodwa isisekelo siwukuthi isitoreji sebhethri lelanga lasekhaya kufanele sishajwe ngokugcwele! Kunini lapho isistimu yokusekela ibhethri yekhaya ibalulekile? Njengoba ucwaningo luye lwabonisa, ungasebenzisa kuphela u-30% kagesi okhiqizwa isistimu yakho ye-photovoltaic ngokwakho. Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-aibhange lebhethri lasekhaya lelanga, leli nani likhuphuka lifinyelele ku-70% - 80%. Ukuze wenze inzuzo, ihora le-kilowatt elisuka kwisitoreji sakho sebhethri lasekhaya lelanga akumele libize kakhulu kunehora le-kilowatt elithengwe kugridi yomphakathi. Uhlelo lwe-Photovoltaic ngaphandle kwebhange lebhethri lasekhaya lelanga Ukunquma ukuncishiswa kwemali kwesistimu ye-photovoltaic ngaphandle kwebhange lebhethri lasekhaya lelanga, sisebenzisa amanani alandelayo ayisibonelo: ●Izindleko zamamojula elanga anomphumela we-5 kilowatt peak (kWp): 7500 dollars. ● Izindleko ezengeziwe (isibonelo ukuxhumeka kwesistimu): amadola angu-800. ● Isamba sezindleko zokuthenga: 8300 amadola Amamojula elanga anomphumela ophelele we-kilowatt peak engu-1 akhiqiza cishe amahora angama-950 kilowatt ngonyaka. Ngakho, isamba sesivuno sohlelo yi-5 kilowatt peak (5 * 950 kWh = 4,750 kWh ngonyaka). Lokhu kucishe kulingane nezidingo zikagesi zonyaka zomndeni wabantu abangu-4. Njengoba sekushiwo, ungasebenzisa kuphela amahora angama-30 % noma angu-1,425 kilowatt ngokwakho. Awudingi ukuthenga lesi samba sikagesi enkampanini yomphakathi. Ngenani lamasenti angu-30 nge-kilowatt ngehora, wonga ama-dollar angu-427.5 ezindlekweni zikagesi zonyaka (1,425 * 0.3). Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhola amahora angu-3,325 kilowatt ngokufaka ugesi kugridi (4,750 - 1,425). I-feed-in tariff njengamanje yehla nyanga zonke ngamaphesenti angu-0.4. Isikhathi somxhaso seminyaka engama-20, intela yokuphakelayo yenyanga lapho imboni yabhaliswa futhi yaqashwa ngayo iyasebenza. Ekuqaleni kuka-2021, intela yokuphakelayo yayicishe ibe ngamasenti angu-9 nge-kilowatt-hora. Lokhu kusho ukuthi intela yokuphakelayo iholela enzuzweni yama-dollar angu-299.25 (3,325 kWh * 0.09 euros). Ingqikithi yokonga ezindlekweni zikagesi ngamadola angama-726.75. Ngakho-ke, ukutshalwa kwezimali kulesi sikhungo kuzozikhokhela kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-11. Nokho, lokhu akuzicabangeli izindleko zonyaka zokulungisa uhlelo lwe-approx. izindleko 108.53 Euro. Isistimu ye-Photovoltaic enesitoreji sebhethri lelanga lasekhaya Sithatha idatha yezitshalo efanayo njengoba kushiwo ephuzwini eledlule. Umthetho wesithupha uthi ibhange lebhethri yelanga le-lithium ion kufanele libe nomthamo ofanayo wokugcina namandla wesistimu ye-photovoltaic. Ngakho, isistimu yethu enokuphakama kwama-kilowatts angu-5 ihlanganisa isipele sebhethri lelanga lasekhaya elinomthamo wama-kilowatts angu-5. Ngokwenani elilinganiselwe lamadola angu-800 nge-kilowatt-hora ngalinye lomthamo wokugcina okukhulunywe ngenhla, iyunithi yokugcina ibiza amadola angu-4000. Ngakho intengo yesitshalo ikhuphuka ibe yinani lama-dollar angu-12300 (8300 + 4000). Esibonelweni sethu, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, isitshalo sikhiqiza amahora angu-4,750 kilowatt ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke, ngosizo lwethangi lokugcina, ukuzisebenzisa ngokwakho kukhuphukela ku-80 % yenani likagesi elakhiwe noma amahora angama-kilowatt angama-3800 (4,750 * 0.8). Njengoba kungadingeki uthenge lesi samba sikagesi enhlanganweni yomphakathi, manje wonga ama-dollar angu-1140 ezindlekweni zikagesi ngentengo kagesi yamasenti angu-30 (3800 * 0.3). Ngokuphakela ama-kilowatt-awa angu-950 (4,750 – 3800 kWh) asele kugridi, uzuza u-85.5 wamadola engeziwe ngonyaka (950 * 0.09) ngentela eshiwo ngenhla engu-8 cents. Lokhu kubangela ukonga okuphelele konyaka ezindlekweni zikagesi zamadola ayi-1225.5. Imboni kanye nesistimu yokugcina kuzozikhokhela ngokwazo phakathi neminyaka eyi-10 kuya kweyi-11. Futhi, asizange sizicabangele izindleko zonyaka zokulungisa. Yini okufanele ngiyinake lapho ngithenga futhi ngisebenzisa amabhethri elanga asekhaya? Ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kangcono nempilo ende kunamabhethri omthofu, kufanele uthenge isitoreji sebhethri sasekhaya esinamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Qiniseka ukuthi ibhethri lelanga lasekhaya lingakwazi ukumelana nemijikelezo yokushaja engu-6,000 futhi lithole okunikezwayo kubahlinzeki abambalwa. Kukhona futhi umehluko omkhulu wamanani wezinhlelo zesimanje zokugcina ibhethri. Kufanele futhi ufake ibhange lebhethri lelanga lasekhaya endaweni epholile ngaphakathi kwendlu. Amazinga okushisa asendaweni angaphezu kuka-30 degrees Celsius kufanele agwenywe. Amadivayisi awafanele ukufakwa ngaphandle kwesakhiwo. Kufanele futhi ukhiphe i-amabhethri elanga e-lithium ionnjalo. Uma behlala bekhokhiswa ngokugcwele isikhathi eside, lokhu kuzoba nomthelela omubi esikhathini sabo sokuphila. Uma ulandela le miyalo, ibhange lebhethri lelanga lasekhaya lizohlala isikhathi eside kunenkathi yewaranti yeminyaka eyi-10 evame ukunikezwa abakhiqizi. Ngokusetshenziswa okufanele, iminyaka engu-15 nangaphezulu ingokoqobo.