Ngo-2024, imakethe ekhulayo yokugcina amandla emhlabeni wonke iholele ekubonweni kancane kancane kwenani elibalulekileizinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethriezimakethe ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi emakethe yamandla elanga, okuye kwaba yingxenye ebalulekile yegridi kancane kancane. Ngenxa yemvelo yesikhashana yamandla elanga, ukunikezwa kwawo akuzinzile, futhi izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri ziyakwazi ukunikeza ukulawulwa kwemvamisa, ngaleyo ndlela zilinganisela ngokuphumelelayo ukusebenza kwegridi. Ukuqhubekela phambili, amathuluzi okugcina amandla azodlala indima ebaluleke nakakhulu ekuhlinzekeni umthamo ophezulu kanye nokuhlehlisa isidingo sokutshalwa kwezimali okumba eqolo ekusabalaliseni, ekudluliselweni nasekukhiqizeni izinsiza.
Izindleko zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla elanga nebhethri zehle kakhulu kule minyaka eyishumi edlule. Ezimakethe eziningi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kancane kancane kubukela phansi ukuncintisana kokukhiqizwa kwamandla enuzi kanye nezinsalela zakudala. Nakuba kwake kwakholelwa kabanzi ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kubiza kakhulu, namuhla izindleko zemithombo ethile yamandla ezinsalela ziphezulu kakhulu kunezindleko zokukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho,inhlanganisela yelanga + izikhungo zokugcina zinganikeza amandla kugridi, esikhundleni sendima yezimboni zamandla kagesi yemvelo. Njengoba izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali ezikhungweni zamandla elanga zehliswe kakhulu futhi azikho izindleko zikaphethiloli ezitholwe kuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wokuphila, le nhlanganisela isivele ihlinzeka amandla ngenani eliphansi kunemithombo yamandla evamile. Lapho izinsiza zamandla elanga zihlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokugcina ibhethri, amandla azo angasetshenziswa isikhathi esithile, futhi isikhathi sokuphendula esisheshayo samabhethri sivumela amaphrojekthi abo ukuthi aphendule ngokuguquguqukayo ezidingweni zombili zemakethe yamandla kanye nemakethe yezinsizakalo ezihambisanayo.
Okwamanje,Amabhethri e-lithium-ion asuselwa kubuchwepheshe be-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) abusa imakethe yokugcina amandla.Lawa mabhethri asetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokuphepha kwawo okuphezulu, impilo yomjikelezo omude nokusebenza okuzinzile kokushisa. Nakuba ukuminyana energy ofamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphateiphansi kancane kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri e-lithium, aseyenze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ngokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza nokunciphisa izindleko. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2030, intengo yamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate izophinde yehle, kuyilapho ukuncintisana kwawo emakethe yokugcina amandla kuzoqhubeka nokukhula.
Ngokukhula okusheshayo kwesidingo sezimoto zikagesi,uhlelo lokugcina amandla okuhlala, Isistimu ye-stroage ye-C&Ikanye nezinhlelo ezinkulu zokugcina amandla, izinzuzo zamabhethri e-Li-FePO4 ngokwezindleko, impilo yonke kanye nokuphepha kuwenza abe inketho ethembekile. Nakuba okuhloswe ngakho ukuminyana kwamandla kungase kungabi okuphawulekayo njengakwamanye amabhethri amakhemikhali, izinzuzo zayo ekuphepheni nasekuphileni isikhathi eside ziyinika indawo kuzimo zohlelo ezidinga ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside.
Izinto Okufanele Zicatshangelwe Lapho Ukhipha Isisetshenziswa Sesitoreji Samandla Ebhethri
Kunezici eziningi okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kuthunyelwa impahla yokugcina amandla. Amandla nobude besistimu yokulondoloza amandla ebhethri kuncike enjongweni yayo kuphrojekthi. Inhloso yephrojekthi inqunywa inani layo lezomnotho. Inani layo lezomnotho lincike emakethe lapho uhlelo lokugcina amandla lubamba iqhaza. Le makethe ekugcineni inquma ukuthi ibhethri izosabalalisa kanjani amandla, ukushaja noma ukuchithwa, nokuthi izohlala isikhathi esingakanani. Ngakho-ke amandla nobude bebhethri akunqumi kuphela izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali zesistimu yokugcina amandla, kodwa futhi nempilo yokusebenza.
Inqubo yokushaja nokukhipha isistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri izoba nenzuzo kwezinye izimakethe. Kwezinye izimo, kuphela izindleko zokushaja ezidingekayo, futhi izindleko zokushaja yizindleko zokuqhuba ibhizinisi lokugcina amandla. Inani nezinga lokushaja alifani nenani lokushajwa.
Isibonelo, ekufakweni kwesitoreji samandla elanga+ebhethri legridi, noma ezinhlelweni zesistimu yesitoreji eseceleni kweklayenti ezisebenzisa amandla elanga, isistimu yokugcina ibhethri isebenzisa amandla avela endaweni ephehla amandla elanga ukuze ifanelekele ukuthola amakhredithi entela yokutshala (ITCs). Isibonelo, kukhona ama-nuances emcabangweni wokukhokhela-to-charge yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla Ezinhlanganweni Zokudluliswa KweziFunda (RTOs). Esibonelweni sekhredithi yentela yotshalomali (i-ITC), isistimu yokugcina ibhethri ikhuphula inani lokulingana lephrojekthi, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuphule isilinganiso sangaphakathi sembuyiselo yomnikazi. Esibonelweni se-PJM, isistimu yesitoreji sebhethri ikhokhela ukushajwa nokushajwa, ngakho isinxephezelo sayo senkokhelo silingana nokuphuma kwayo kukagesi.
Kubonakala kungenangqondo ukusho ukuthi amandla nobude bebhethri bunquma impilo yayo yonke. Izinto ezimbalwa ezifana namandla, ubude besikhathi, nempilo yonke yenza ubuchwepheshe besitoreji sebhethri buhluke kobunye ubuchwepheshe bamandla. Enhliziyweni yesistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri yibhethri. Njengamaseli elanga, izinto zawo ziwohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zinciphisa ukusebenza. Amaseli elanga alahlekelwa amandla okukhipha amandla nokusebenza kahle, kuyilapho ukuwohloka kwebhethri kubangela ukulahlekelwa umthamo wokugcina amandla.Nakuba amasistimu elanga angahlala iminyaka engu-20-25, amasistimu okugcina amabhethri ngokuvamile ahlala kuphela iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengu-15.
Izindleko zokushintshwa nezokushintshwa kufanele zicatshangelwe kunoma iyiphi iphrojekthi. Amandla okushintsha ancike ekusebenzeni kwephrojekthi kanye nezimo ezihambisana nokusebenza kwayo.
Izinto ezine eziyinhloko eziholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kwebhethri yilezi?
- Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwebhethri
- Ibhethri lamanje
- Isimo sokushajwa kwebhethri esimaphakathi (SOC)
- 'Ukushintshashintsha' kwesilinganiso sokushajwa kwebhethri (SOC), okungukuthi, isikhawu sesilinganiso sokushajwa kwebhethri (SOC) ibhethri elikuso isikhathi esiningi. Isici sesithathu nesine zihlobene.
Kunamasu amabili okuphatha impilo yebhethri kuphrojekthi.Isu lokuqala liwukunciphisa usayizi webhethri uma iphrojekthi isekelwa yimali engenayo kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokushintshwa ezihleliwe zesikhathi esizayo. Ezimakethe eziningi, imali engenayo ehleliwe ingasekela izindleko zokubuyisela esikhathini esizayo. Ngokuvamile, ukwehliswa kwezindleko kwesikhathi esizayo ezingxenyeni kudingeka kucatshangelwe lapho kulinganiswa izindleko zokushintshwa zesikhathi esizayo, ezihambisana nolwazi lwemakethe phakathi neminyaka eyi-10 edlule. Isu lesibili ukukhulisa usayizi webhethri ukuze kuncishiswe inani lamanje lamanje (noma isilinganiso esingu-C, esichazwa njengokushaja noma ukushajwa ngehora ngalinye) ngokusebenzisa amaseli ahambisanayo. Ukushaja okuphansi nokukhipha imisinga kuvame ukukhiqiza amazinga okushisa aphansi njengoba ibhethri ikhiqiza ukushisa ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha. Uma kukhona amandla engeziwe kusistimu yokugcina ibhethri futhi kusetshenziswa amandla amancane, inani lokushaja nokushajwa kwebhethri lizoncishiswa futhi impilo yalo inwetshwe.
Ukushajwa kwebhethri/ukukhipha ibhethri yitemu elingukhiye.Imboni yezimoto ivamise ukusebenzisa 'imijikelezo' njengesilinganiso sempilo yebhethri. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezimile zokulondoloza amandla, amabhethri maningi amathuba okuthi ahanjiswe ngamabhayisikili kancane, okusho ukuthi angase ashajwe kancane noma akhishwe kancane, kanti ukushajwa ngakunye nokukhishwa kunganele.
Amandla Ebhethri Atholakalayo.Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesistimu yokugcina amandla zingase zijikeleze ngaphansi kokukodwa ngosuku futhi, kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza lwemakethe, zingadlula le metric. Ngakho-ke, abasebenzi kufanele banqume impilo yebhethri ngokuhlola ukuphuma kwebhethri.
Impilo Yedivayisi Yesitoreji Samandla Nokuqinisekiswa
Ukuhlolwa kwedivayisi yokugcina amandla kuhlanganisa izindawo ezimbili eziyinhloko.Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa kwebhethri kubalulekile ekuhloleni impilo yesistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri.Ukuhlolwa kweseli yebhethri kuveza amandla kanye nobuthakathaka bamaseli ebhethri futhi kusiza opharetha baqonde ukuthi amabhethri kufanele ahlanganiswe kanjani nesistimu yokugcina amandla nokuthi lokhu kuhlanganiswa kufanelekile yini.
Uchungechunge nokucushwa okuhambisanayo kwamaseli ebhethri kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi isistimu yebhethri isebenza kanjani nokuthi iklanywe kanjani.Amaseli ebhethri axhunywe ochungechungeni avumela ukunqwabelana kwamandla ebhethri, okusho ukuthi amandla kagesi esistimu yesistimu yebhethri enamaseli ebhethri axhumeke ngochungechunge amaningi alingana nevolthi yebhethri ngayinye ephindwe ngenombolo yamaseli. Izakhiwo zebhethri ezixhunywe ngochungechunge zinikeza izinzuzo zezindleko, kodwa futhi zibe nokubi okuthile. Uma amabhethri exhunywe ochungechungeni, amaseli ngamanye adonsa amandla afanayo nephakethe lebhethri. Isibonelo, uma ingqamuzana elilodwa line-voltage ephezulu engu-1V kanye nenani eliphezulu lamanje elingu-1A, khona-ke amaseli angu-10 ochungechungeni ane-voltage ephezulu engu-10V, kodwa asenamandla aphezulu angu-1A, emandleni aphelele angu-10V * 1A = 10W. Uma ixhunywe ochungechungeni, isistimu yebhethri ibhekana nenselelo yokuqapha amandla kagesi. Ukuqapha i-voltage kungenziwa kumaphakethe ebhethri axhunywe uchungechunge ukuze kwehliswe izindleko, kodwa kunzima ukubona umonakalo noma ukuwohloka komthamo wamaseli ngamanye.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri ahambisanayo avumela ukunqwabelaniswa kwamanje, okusho ukuthi i-voltage yephakethe lebhethri elihambisanayo ilingana nevoltheji yeseli ngayinye kanye nesistimu yamanje ilingana ne-cell current ngayinye ephindwe ngenani lamaseli ngokuhambisana. Isibonelo, uma kusetshenziswa ibhethri elifanayo le-1V, i-1A, amabhethri amabili angaxhunywa ngokuhambisana, okuzosika okwamanje phakathi, bese kuthi amapheya angu-10 amabhethri ahambisanayo axhunywe ochungechungeni ukuze kuzuzwe i-10V ku-voltage engu-1V kanye ne-1A yamanje. , kodwa lokhu kuvame kakhulu ekucushweni okufanayo.
Lo mehluko phakathi kochungechunge nezindlela ezihambisanayo zokuxhuma ibhethri ubalulekile uma ucabangela iziqinisekiso zomthamo webhethri noma izinqubomgomo zewaranti. Izinto ezilandelayo zigeleza ngesigaba futhi ekugcineni zithinte impilo yebhethri:izici zemakethe ➜ impatho yokushaja/yokukhipha ➜ imikhawulo yesistimu ➜ uchungechunge lwebhethri nezakhiwo ezifanayo.Ngakho-ke, umthamo we-nameplate yebhethri awusona inkomba yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukwakhiwa ngokweqile ohlelweni lokugcina ibhethri. Ukuba khona kwe-overbuilding kubalulekile kwiwaranti yebhethri, njengoba inquma ibhethri yamanje kanye nezinga lokushisa (izinga lokushisa lokuhlala kweseli ebangeni le-SOC), kanti ukusebenza kwansuku zonke kuzonquma isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri.
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu kuyisithasiselo sokuhlolwa kweseli yebhethri futhi ngokuvamile kusebenza kakhulu ezidingweni zephrojekthi ezibonisa ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yebhethri.
Ukuze kugcwaliseke inkontileka, abakhiqizi bebhethri esitoreji samandla ngokuvamile bakha amaphrothokholi okuhlola embonini noma emkhakheni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwesistimu nesistimu engaphansi, kodwa angeke babhekane nengozi yokusebenza kwesistimu yebhethri edlula impilo yebhethri. Ingxoxo evamile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwenkundla izimo zokuhlola umthamo kanye nokuthi ziyahambisana yini nohlelo lwebhethri.
Ukubaluleka Kokuhlola Ibhethri
Ngemva kokuba i-DNV GL ihlole ibhethri, idatha ifakwa ekhadini laminyaka yonke lokusebenza kwebhethri, elihlinzeka ngedatha ezimele yabathengi besistimu yebhethri. Ikhadi lomphumela libonisa ukuthi ibhethri lisabela kanjani ezimweni ezine zohlelo lokusebenza: izinga lokushisa, lamanje, isimo sokushaja esimaphakathi (SOC) kanye nokuguquguquka kwesilinganiso sokushaja (SOC).
Ukuhlolwa kuqhathanisa ukusebenza kwebhethri nokucushwa kochungechunge oluhambisanayo, imikhawulo yesistimu, ukuziphatha kokushaja/ukukhipha imakethe kanye nokusebenza kwemakethe. Le sevisi eyingqayizivele iqinisekisa ngokuzimela ukuthi abakhiqizi bebhethri banesibopho futhi bahlola kahle iziqinisekiso zabo ukuze abanikazi besistimu yebhethri bakwazi ukwenza uhlolo olunolwazi lokuchayeka kwabo engcupheni yobuchwepheshe.
Ukukhethwa Komhlinzeki Wezinto Zokugcina Amandla
Ukuze ubone umbono wokugcina ibhethri,ukukhethwa komphakeli kubalulekile- ngakho-ke ukusebenza nochwepheshe abathembekile bezobuchwepheshe abaqonda zonke izici zezinselele zesikali sosizo kanye namathuba kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuphumelela kwephrojekthi. Ukukhetha umphakeli wesistimu yokulondoloza ibhethri kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi isistimu ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zesitifiketi. Isibonelo, amasistimu okugcina ibhethri ahloliwe ngokuhambisana ne-UL9450A futhi imibiko yokuhlola iyatholakala ukuze ibuyekezwe. Noma yiziphi ezinye izidingo eziqondene nendawo ethile, njengokutholwa komlilo okwengeziwe nokuvikelwa noma ukushaywa umoya, akumele zifakwe kumkhiqizo oyisisekelo womkhiqizi futhi kuzodingeka zilebulwe njengesengezo esidingekayo.
Kafushane, amadivaysi okugcina amandla esikalini esisetshenziswayo angasetshenziswa ukunikeza isitoreji samandla kagesi kanye nokusekela indawo yokulayisha, ukufunwa okuphezulu, nezixazululo zamandla ngezikhathi ezithile. Lezi zinhlelo zisetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi lapho amasistimu kaphethiloli wezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi kanye/noma ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kuthathwa njengokungasebenzi kahle, okungenzeki noma okumba eqolo. Izinto eziningi zingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni okuyimpumelelo kwamaphrojekthi anjalo kanye nokuba khona kwawo ngokwezimali.
Kubalulekile ukusebenza nomkhiqizi othembekile wokugcina ibhethri.I-BSLBATT Energy ingumhlinzeki ohamba phambili emakethe wezisombululo zokugcinwa kwebhethri ezihlakaniphile, ukuklama, ukukhiqiza nokuletha izixazululo zobunjiniyela ezithuthukisiwe zezicelo ezikhethekile. Umbono wenkampani ugxile ekusizeni amakhasimende ukuxazulula izinkinga ezihlukile zamandla ezithinta ibhizinisi labo, futhi ubuchwepheshe be-BSLBATT bungahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokugcwele ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinjongo zamakhasimende.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-28-2024