Kungani Ukhethe Ibhethri Le-Solar Lithium Yekhaya Lakho?

Njengoba impi phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine ishuba, amasistimu okugcina amandla e-PV asekhaya aphinde agqama inkululeko yamandla, futhi ukukhetha ukuthi iliphi ibhethri elingcono kusistimu yakho ye-PV sekuyinkinga enkulu kubathengi. Njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili webhethri ye-lithium e-China, sincomaIbhethri ye-Solar Lithiumekhaya lakho. Amabhethri e-lithium (noma amabhethri e-Li-ion) angesinye sezixazululo zesimanjemanje zokugcina amandla zezinhlelo ze-PV. Ngobuningi bamandla angcono, isikhathi eside sokuphila, izindleko eziphezulu ngomjikelezo ngamunye kanye nezinye izinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kwamabhethri e-lead-asidi evamile amile, lawa madivaysi aya ngokuya avama ku-off-grid kanye namasistimu elanga ayingxubevange. Izinhlobo Zesitoreji Sebhethri Ngokubuka nje Kungani ukhethe i-Lithium njengesixazululo sokugcina amandla ekhaya? Akusheshi kangako, ake siqale sibuyekeze ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamabhethri okugcina amandla atholakalayo. Amabhethri eSolar Lithium-ion Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri e-lithium ion noma i-lithium kukhule kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Banikeza izinzuzo ezithile ezibalulekile kanye nentuthuko ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bebhethri. Amabhethri elanga e-lithium-ion anikeza amandla aphezulu aphezulu, aqinile futhi adinga ukulungiswa okuncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla abo ahlala engashintshi ngisho nangemva kokusebenza isikhathi eside. Amabhethri e-lithium anesikhathi sokuphila esingafika eminyakeni engama-20. Lawa mabhethri agcina phakathi kuka-80% no-90% womthamo wawo osebenzisekayo. Amabhethri e-lithium enze izinguquko ezinkulu kwezobuchwepheshe ezimbonini eziningi, okuhlanganisa omakhalekhukhwini namalaptop, izimoto zikagesi kanye nezindiza ezinkulu zezentengiselwano, futhi aya ngokuya ebaluleke kakhulu emakethe yelanga ye-photovoltaic. I-Lead Gel Solar Amabhethri Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri ejeli yomthofu anamaphesenti angu-50 kuya kwangu-60 kuphela omthamo wawo osebenzisekayo. Amabhethri e-lead-acid nawo awakwazi ukuncintisana namabhethri e-lithium ngokwempilo yonke. Ngokuvamile kufanele uwashintshe cishe eminyakeni eyi-10. Ohlelweni oluphila iminyaka engu-20, lokho kusho ukuthi kufanele utshale kabili kumabhethri ukuze uthole isistimu yokugcina phezu kwamabhethri e-lithium ngesikhathi esifanayo. Amabhethri elanga e-lead-acid Izandulela zebhethri lejeli eholayo amabhethri e-lead-acid. Ashibhile futhi anobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe nobuqinile. Nakuba sebebonise ukubaluleka kwabo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-100 njengamabhethri emoto noma amandla aphuthumayo, abakwazi ukuncintisana namabhethri e-lithium. Phela, ukusebenza kahle kwazo kungamaphesenti angu-80. Kodwa-ke, banempilo yesevisi emfushane kunazo zonke cishe iminyaka emi-5 kuye kweyi-7. Ukuminyana kwabo kwamandla nakho kuphansi kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ikakhulukazi lapho kusetshenziswa amabhethri omthofu amadala, kungenzeka ukuthi akhe igesi ye-oxyhydrogen eqhumayo uma igumbi lokufakela lingangenanga kahle umoya. Nokho, amasistimu amasha aphephile ukusebenza. I-Redox Flow Amabhethri Zifaneleka kakhulu ukugcina amanani amakhulu kagesi okhiqizwa kabusha usebenzisa ama-photovoltaics. Izindawo zokufaka isicelo samabhethri okugeleza kwe-redox ngakho-ke okwamanje akuzona izakhiwo zokuhlala noma izimoto zikagesi, kodwa ezentengiselwano nezimboni, ezibuye zihlobene nokuthi zisabiza kakhulu. Amabhethri agelezayo e-Redox ayinto efana namaseli kaphethiloli ashajwayo. Ngokungafani namabhethri e-lithium-ion nele-lead-acid, indawo yokugcina izinto ayigcinwa ngaphakathi kwebhethri kodwa ngaphandle. Izixazululo ezimbili ze-electrolyte eziwuketshezi zisebenza njengendawo yokugcina. Izixazululo ze-electrolyte zigcinwa emathangeni angaphandle alula kakhulu. Ampontshwa kuphela ngamaseli ebhethri ukuze ashajwe noma ashajwe. Inzuzo lapha ukuthi akuwona usayizi webhethri kodwa ubukhulu bamathangi obunquma umthamo wokugcina. Brine Storiminyaka yobudala I-Manganese oxide, i-activated carbon, ukotini kanye ne-brine yizingxenye zalolu hlobo lokugcina. I-manganese oxide itholakala ku-cathode kanye nekhabhoni ecushiwe ku-anode. I-cotton cellulose ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesihlukanisi kanye ne-brine njenge-electrolyte. Ukugcinwa kwe-brine akuqukethe noma yiziphi izinto eziyingozi emvelweni, okuyikhona okwenza kuthakazelise kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa - i-voltage yamabhethri e-lithium-ion 3.7V - 1.23V isephansi kakhulu. I-Hydrogen njengeSitoreji Samandla Inzuzo enkulu lapha ukuthi ungasebenzisa amandla elanga asele akhiqizwa ehlobo ebusika kuphela. Indawo yokufakwa kwe-hydrogen ikakhulukazi isendaweni ephakathi nendawo nesikhathi eside kagesi. Noma kunjalo, lobu buchwepheshe bokugcina busebuncane. Ngenxa yokuthi ugesi oguqulelwa ekubeni yi-hydrogen kufanele uguqulwe usuka ku-hydrogen ube ugesi futhi lapho kudingeka, amandla ayaphela. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokugcina cishe kungama-40%. Ukuhlanganiswa ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic nakho kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngakho-ke kubiza kakhulu. I-electrolyzer, i-compressor, ithangi le-hydrogen nebhethri yokugcina isikhathi esifushane futhi vele i-fuel cell iyadingeka. Kunenombolo yabahlinzeki abanikeza amasistimu aphelele. I-LiFePO4 (noma i-LFP) Amabhethri Ayisixazululo Esingcono Kakhulu Sesitoreji Samandla Ezinhlelweni Zokuhlala Ze-PV I-LiFePO4 nokuphepha Nakuba amabhethri e-lead-acid anikeze amabhethri e-lithium ithuba lokuhola ngenxa yesidingo sawo esiqhubekayo sokugcwalisa i-asidi nokungcoliswa kwemvelo, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) angenayo i-cobalt ayaziwa ngokuphepha kwawo okuqinile, umphumela wokuzinza ngokweqile. ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali. Awaqhumi noma abambe umlilo lapho ebhekene nezenzakalo eziyingozi njengokushayisana noma amasekhethi amafushane, anciphisa kakhulu amathuba okulimala. Mayelana namabhethri e-lead-acid, wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukujula kwawo kokukhishwa kungama-50% kuphela omthamo otholakalayo, ngokungafani namabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate atholakala ku-100% womthamo wawo olinganiselwe. Uma uthatha ibhethri elingu-100Ah, ungasebenzisa u-30Ah kuya ku-50Ah wamabhethri e-lead-acid, kuyilapho amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate engu-100Ah. Kodwa ukuze kunwetshwe ukuphila kwamaseli elanga e-lithium iron phosphate isikhathi eside, sivame ukuncoma ukuthi abathengi balandele ukukhishwa kwe-80% ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, okungenza impilo yebhethri ibe nemijikelezo engaphezu kuka-8000. Ibanga Lokushisa Elibanzi Womabili amabhethri elanga ane-asidi eholayo kanye namabhange ebhethri elanga e-lithium-ion alahlekelwa amandla ezindaweni ezibandayo. Ukulahlekelwa kwamandla ngamabhethri e-LiFePO4 kuncane. Isenamandla angama-80% ku-20?C, uma kuqhathaniswa no-30% namaseli e-AGM. Ngakho-ke ezindaweni eziningi lapho kubanda kakhulu noma kubanda kakhulu,I-LiFePO4 amabhethri elangaziyizinqumo ezinhle kakhulu. High Energy Density Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate alula ngokuphindwe kane, ngakho anamandla amakhulu kagesi futhi anganikeza ukuminyana okukhulu kwamandla ngeyunithi ngayinye yesisindo - anikeze amandla afinyelela kwangu-150 (Wh) wamandla ngekhilogremu ngayinye (kg ) uma kuqhathaniswa no-25Wh/kg kumabhethri ajwayelekile amile e-lead-acid. Ezinhlelweni eziningi zelanga, lokhu kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ngokwezindleko eziphansi zokufakwa kanye nokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi ngokushesha. Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ukuthi amabhethri e-Li-ion awekho ngaphansi kwalokho okubizwa ngokuthi umphumela wenkumbulo, okungenzeka nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri lapho kwehla ngokuzumayo ku-voltage yebhethri futhi idivayisi iqala ukusebenza ekukhishweni okulandelayo ngokusebenza okunciphile. Ngamanye amazwi, singasho ukuthi amabhethri e-Li-ion "awona umlutha" futhi awafaki ingozi "yokulutha" (ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo). Izicelo Zebhethri ye-Lithium ku-Home Solar Energy Isistimu yamandla elanga yasekhaya ingasebenzisa ibhethri elilodwa kuphela noma amabhethri amaningana ahlotshaniswa ochungechungeni kanye/noma ngokuhambisana (ibhange lebhethri), kuye ngezidingo zakho. Izinhlobo ezimbili zamasistimu zingasebenzisaibhethri ye-lithium-ion yebhethri yelanga: Valiwe Igridi (iyodwa, ngaphandle kokuxhumeka kugridi) kanye neHybrid On+Off Grid (ixhunywe kugridi kanye namabhethri). Ku-Off Grid, ugesi okhiqizwe amaphaneli elanga agcinwa amabhethri futhi asetshenziswe isistimu ngezikhathi ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga (phakathi nobusuku noma ezinsukwini eziguqubele). Ngakho-ke, ukuhlinzekwa kuqinisekisiwe ngazo zonke izikhathi zosuku. Kuzinhlelo ze-Hybrid On+Off Grid, ibhethri lelanga le-lithium libalulekile njengesipele. Ngebhange lamabhethri elanga, kungenzeka ukuthi ube namandla kagesi ngisho nalapho kuphelelwa amandla, okwandisa ukuzimela kwesistimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhethri lingasebenza njengomthombo owengeziwe wamandla ukuze ligcwalise noma linciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwegridi. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngezikhathi zesidingo esiphezulu noma ngezikhathi lapho amanani entengo aphezulu kakhulu. Bona ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba nalezi zinhlobo zamasistimu afaka amabhethri elanga: I-Remote Monitoring noma Telemetry Systems; Ukufakwa kukagesi ngocingo - ukufaka ugesi ezindaweni zasemakhaya; Izixazululo zelanga zokukhanyisa umphakathi, njengamalambu asemgwaqweni namarobhothi; Ukufakwa kukagesi ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma ukukhanyisa ezindaweni ezingazodwa; Ukunika amandla izinhlelo zamakhamera ngamandla elanga; Izimoto zokungcebeleka, ama-motorhomes, ama-trailer, namaveni; Amandla ezindawo zokwakha; Ukunika amandla amasistimu e-telecom; Ukunika amandla amadivayisi azimele ngokujwayelekile; Amandla elanga okuhlala (ezindlini, emafulethini, nasezindlini); Amandla elanga okusebenzisa izinto zikagesi kanye nemishini njengama-air conditioner namafriji; I-Solar UPS (ihlinzeka ngogesi ohlelweni lapho ugesi unqamuka, igcina imishini isebenza futhi ivikela okokusebenza); Ijeneretha eyisipele (inikeza amandla ohlelweni lapho ugesi unqamuka noma ngezikhathi ezithile); “Ukushefa Okuphakeme - ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngezikhathi zesidingo esikhulu; Ukulawulwa Kokusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi eziphezulu zentela, isibonelo. Phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningana.